Buku linyake likuti: “Ŵanthu pafupifupi 50” awo mazina ghawo ghakusangika mu Testamente Lakale ŵakaŵako nadi. Ivi ndivyo awo ŵakufukura vinthu vyapasi ŵali kusanga. (Biblical Archaeology Review) Pa ŵanthu aŵa, 14 ŵakaŵa mafumu gha Yuda na Israyeli. Ŵanyake ŵa iwo ni Davide na Hezekiya, awo mbakumanyikwa chomene. Kweni ŵanyake mbambura kumanyikwa chomene, nga ni Menahemu na Peka. Paliso mazina gha mafumu 5 gha ku Eguputo, 19 gha ku Asiriya, Babuloni, Moabu, Peresiya na Siriya. Ŵakufufuza aŵa ŵali kusanga mazina gha mafumu, mafumukazi, ŵasembe, ŵalembi na ŵanyake.

Buku ili likuti pali ukaboni wakukwana kuti ŵanthu aŵa ŵakaŵako nadi chifukwa pali “mapangano agho ŵakalemberananga.” Mu Testamente Lasono namo mukusangika mazina gha ŵanthu ŵakumanyikwa nga ni Herode, Pontiyo Pilato, Tiberiyo, Kayafa na Seregiyo Paulosi. Pali ukaboni uwo ŵanthu awo ŵakufukura vinthu vyapasi ŵali kusanga wakuti ŵanthu aŵa nawo ŵakaŵako nadi.

Nangauli pasono nkhalamu zikusangika yayi ku Palestina, kweni Malemba ghakulongora kuti kale zikaŵako. Mu Malemba nkhalamu zikuzunulika mu malo 150. Mu mavesi ghanyake, nkhalamu zikuzunulika mu viyelezgero waka kweni mu ghanyake zikaŵa nkhalamu zeneko. Baibolo likuti Samusoni, Davide na Benaya ŵakakoma nkhalamu. (Ŵeruzgi 14:5, 6; 1 Samuel 17:34, 35; 2 Samuel 23:20) Kweniso likuti ŵanthu ŵanyake ŵakakomeka na nkhalamu.—1 Mathemba 13:24; 2 Mathemba 17:25.

Kale nkhalamu za ku Asia zikendanga kufuma ku Asia Minor na Greece kuluta ku Palestina, Siriya, Mesopotamiya, na India. Chifukwa chakuti nkhalamu ni zakofya, kale ŵanthu ŵakaziwonanga waka pa vinthu vyakuchita kujambura. Kale ku Babuloni pa viliŵa ŵakajamburangapo nkhalamu.

Vikuwoneka kuti cha kuumaliro wa vyaka vya m’ma 1100, ŵanthu ŵakakomanga nkhalamu ku Palestina. Kweni vikuwoneka kuti nkhalamu zikaleka kusangika ku malo agha cha m’ma 1300. Ndipouli, ku Mesopotamiya na Siriya vikulongora kuti zikasangikangako m’paka cha m’ma 1800, kweniso zikasangikanga ku Iran na Iraq m’paka kuuyambiro wa vyaka vya m’ma 1900.