“Ibikwiriye ni ukumvira Imana kuruta abantu”

Dutange ubuhamya mu buryo bunonosoye tubigiranye ‘ubutwari’

IKIVUNGE cy’abantu barakaye bari biteguye gukubita umugaragu w’Imana wari indahemuka bakamwica. Igihe bari bamumereye nabi, abasirikare b’Abaroma barahagobotse, bamubakura mu nzara, baramufunga. Ibyo byabaye intangiriro y’uruhererekane rw’ibintu byamaze imyaka itanu. Kandi ingaruka zabyo zabaye iz’uko abategetsi bakomeye benshi b’Abaroma bumvise ibya Yesu Kristo.

Uwari wibasiwe yari intumwa Pawulo. Ahagana mu mwaka wa 34, Yesu yahishuye ko Pawulo (Sawuli) yari kumenyekanisha izina rye imbere y’“abami” (Ibyakozwe 9:15). Ahagana mu mwaka wa 56, ibyo byari bitaraba. Icyakora, igihe iyo ntumwa yari hafi kurangiza urugendo rwayo rwa gatatu rw’ubumisiyonari, ibintu byari bigiye guhinduka.

Bari bagiye kumwica ariko ntiyacitse intege

Pawulo yakomeje urugendo rwe ajya i Yerusalemu, maze Abakristo bamwe ‘babwirijwe n’umwuka’ bamuburira ko ibitotezo bikaze byari bimutegereje muri uwo murwa. Pawulo yavuganye ubutwari ati “uretse kuboherwa i Yerusalemu gusa, niteguye no gupfirayo ku bw’izina ry’Umwami Yesu” (Ibyakozwe 21:4-14). Pawulo akigera mu rusengero rw’i Yerusalemu, Abayahudi baturutse muri Aziya bari bazi ukuntu inyigisho ze zakiriwe neza muri ako gace, boheje abantu ngo bamwice. Abasirikare b’Abaroma bahise bamugoboka (Ibyakozwe 21:27-32). Ibyo byatumye Pawulo abona uburyo budasanzwe bwo kugeza ukuri ku birebana na Kristo ku bantu bamurwanyaga no ku bandi bantu bakomeye.

Yabwirije abantu bitoroshye kugeraho

Pawulo baramukurubanye kugira ngo bamukize, bamuzamura ku madarajya y’igihome bitaga Umunara wa Antoniya. * Iyo ntumwa yahaye icyo kivunge cy’abanyedini ubuhamya bukomeye ihagaze kuri ayo madarajya (Ibyakozwe 21:33–22:21). Ariko ikimara kuvuga ko yahawe inshingano yo kubwiriza Abanyamahanga, abantu bongeye gusakabaka. Umukuru w’abasirikare witwa Lusiya yategetse ko Pawulo bamutata bakoresheje ibiboko kugira ngo amenye icyo Abayahudi bamurega. Icyakora, ibyo gukubitwa ibiboko ntibyashobotse, kuko Pawulo yamenyekanishije ko ari Umuroma. Bukeye, Lusiya yajyanye Pawulo imbere y’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwa Kiyahudi kugira ngo amenye icyo Abayahudi bamurega.—Ibyakozwe 22:22-30.

Igihe Pawulo yari ahagaze imbere y’urukiko rw’ikirenga, yabonye ubundi buryo bwo guha ubuhamya bagenzi be b’Abayahudi. Uwo mubwiriza utaragiraga ubwoba yatangaje ko yemera umuzuko (Ibyakozwe 23:1-8). Urwango rwatumaga Abayahudi bashaka kwica Pawulo rwarakomeje, maze ajyanwa mu kigo cy’abasirikare. Mu ijoro ryakurikiyeho, Umwami yamubwiye amagambo yo kumukomeza umutima agira ati “gira ubutwari, uko wampamirije i Yerusalemu ni ko ukwiriye kumpamiriza n’i Roma.”—Ibyakozwe 23:9-11, gereranya na NW.

Umugambi wo kwica Pawulo watahuwe ubwo iyo ntumwa yajyanwaga rwihishwa i Kayisariya mu Buyuda, aho Abaroma bari barashyize umurwa wakorerwagamo imirimo y’ubutegetsi bwabo (Ibyakozwe 23:12-24). Pawulo ageze i Kayisariya, yabonye ubundi buryo bwiza cyane, maze abwiriza “abami.” Icyakora, iyo ntumwa yabanje kwereka Umutware witwaga Feliki ko nta bimenyetso bihamya ibyo aregwa. Hanyuma, yabwirije Feliki n’umugore we Dirusila ibya Yesu, ibyo kwirinda, ibyo gukiranuka n’iby’urubanza rwari rwegereje. Nyamara, Pawulo yarekewe mu buroko igihe cy’imyaka ibiri, Feliki yiringiye ko Pawulo azamuha ruswa ariko ntiyayimuha.—Ibyakozwe 23:33–24:27.

 Igihe Feliki yasimburwaga na Fesito, Abayahudi bongeye gukora uko bashoboye kose ngo Pawulo acirwe urubanza kandi yicwe. Urwo rubanza rwongeye kubera i Kayisariya, maze kugira ngo rutimurirwa i Yerusalemu, Pawulo aravuga ati “mpagaze imbere y’intebe y’imanza ya Kayisari . . . Njuririye kuri Kayisari” (Ibyakozwe 25:1-11, 20, 21). Nyuma y’iminsi mike, ubwo Pawulo yaburaniraga imbere y’Umwami Herodi Agiripa wa II, uwo mwami yaravuze ati “ubuzeho hato ukanyemeza kuba Umukristo” (Ibyakozwe 26:1-28)! Ahagana mu mwaka wa 58, Pawulo yoherejwe i Roma. Igihe iyo ntumwa yari izi kwirwanaho yari ifungiwe i Roma, yakomeje kubona uburyo bwo kubwiriza ibya Kristo mu gihe cy’indi myaka ibiri (Ibyakozwe 28:16-31). Birashoboka ko amaherezo Pawulo yireguye imbere y’Umwami w’Abami Nero, agahanagurwaho icyaha, maze agasubira ku murimo we w’ubumisiyonari afite umudendezo. Nta nkuru n’imwe ivuga ko haba hari indi ntumwa yabonye uburyo bwo kugeza ubutumwa bwiza ku bantu bakomeye batyo.

Nk’uko tumaze kubibona, intumwa Pawulo yabagaho mu buryo buhuje n’ihame rikomeye Abakristo bagenzi be batangarije imbere y’urukiko rw’Abayahudi, ubwo bavugaga bati “ibikwiriye ni ukumvira Imana kuruta abantu” (Ibyakozwe 5:29). Mbega urugero rwiza yadusigiye! Nubwo abantu bakomeje gushyiraho imihati kugira ngo babuze iyo ntumwa kubwiriza, yumviye mu buryo bwuzuye itegeko ryo kubwiriza ubutumwa mu buryo bunonosoye. Kuba Pawulo yarumviye Imana adatezuka, byatumye asohoza inshingano ye ari ‘igikoresho cyatoranyirijwe’ kogeza izina rya Yesu ‘imbere y’abanyamahanga n’abami n’Abisirayeli.’—Ibyakozwe 9:15.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Agasanduku/​Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 9]

ESE PAWULO YABA YARI ASHISHIKAJWE GUSA NO KWIREGURA?

Umwanditsi witwa Ben Witherington wa III yagize icyo avuga kuri icyo kibazo ubwo yandikaga ati ‘dukurikije uko Pawulo yabonaga ibintu, icy’ingenzi kuri we nticyari ukwiregura, ahubwo icy’ingenzi cyari uguha abategetsi ubuhamya ku birebana n’ivanjiri, ari ab’Abayahudi, ari n’ab’abanyamahanga. Mu by’ukuri, ivanjiri ni yo yari mu rubanza.’