Woba wari ubizi?

Kubera iki Imana yahisemwo gukoresha inkware kugira igaburire Abisirayeli mu gahinga?

▪ Abisirayeli bamaze kuva mu Misiri, Imana yarabagaburiye inyama nyinshi incuro zibiri ikoresheje inkware.​—Kuvayo 16:13; Guharūra 11:31.

Inkware ni inyoni zifise hafi santimetero 18, zigapima nk’amagarama 100. Ziramara igihe zita amagi mu mihingo itari mike yo muri Aziya yo mu buraruko n’i Buraya. Kubera ko izo nyoni ziguma zimuka, zimara urushana muri Afrika ya ruguru no muri Arabiya. Igihe ziriko zirimuka, imigwi mininiminini yazo irajabuka inkengera yo mu buseruko bw’Ikiyaga Mediterane maze zikaguruka ziciye hejuru y’igice ca Sinayi cinjira mu mazi.

Nk’uko inyizamvugo imwe y’ivya Bibiliya (The New Westminster Dictionary of the Bible) ibivuga, inkware “ziraguruka neza kandi zinyaruka, zikaba zisunga umuyaga; ariko igihe umuyaga uhinduye inzira, canke izo nyoni zikaruha cane kubera zamaze umwanya munini ziguruka, uwo mugwi munini wose urashobora guca ugwa hasi, zikabundara zabaye ibihwiji.” Imbere yo kubandanya urugendo rwazo, zibwirizwa kuruhuka ziri hasi umusi umwe canke ibiri, ivyo bikaba bituma abahigi boroherwa no kuzicakira. Mu ntango z’ikinjana ca 20, Misiri yarashora buri mwaka inkware zo gufungura zishika nk’imiliyoni zitatu.

Ibihe vyompi Abisirayeli bariye inkware hari mu mpeshi. Naho muri ico gihe inkware zama ziguruka ziciye hejuru y’akarere ka Sinayi, Yehova ni we yatumye “haduka umuyaga” kugira utware izo nyoni mw’ikambi ry’Abisirayeli.​—Guharūra 11:31.

“Umusi mukuru w’iyegura” uvugwa muri Yohani 10:22 wari nyabaki?

▪ Imisi mikuru itatu Imana yategetse Abayuda kuza barahimbaza, ni ukuvuga Umusi mukuru w’udutsima tutarimwo umwambiro, Umusi mukuru wa Pentekoti, n’Umusi mukuru w’isarura, yagirwa mu ntango z’impeshi, mu mpera z’impeshi, no mu gatasi. Ariko umusi mukuru uvugwa muri Yohani 10:22 wabaye “mu rushana,” ukaba wari uwo kwibuka ingene urusengero rwa Yehova rwasubiye kwegurirwa Imana mu mwaka wa 165 B.G.C. (B.G.C. bisobanura imbere y’igihe cacu) Wamara imisi umunani, ugatangura ku musi ugira 25 w’ukwezi kwitwa Kisilevu, urushana ruri mu gutangura. None uwo musi mukuru watanguye gute?

Mu mwaka wa 168 B.G.C., umutegetsi w’Umusiriya wo mu muryango w’aba Séleucides ari we Antiochus (Épiphane) wa kane, yarubakishije igicaniro c’abapagani hejuru y’igicaniro cari mu rusengero rwa Yehova i Yeruzalemu arondera kurandurana n’imizi ugusenga kw’Abayuda n’imigenzo yabo. Yaratangiye kuri ico gicaniro ibimazi ashikaniye imana Zeyu y’Abagiriki.

Ico kintu catumye abayoboke b’uwitwa Maccabée bagarariza. Indongozi y’Umuyuda yitwa Judas Maccabée yarabohoje Yeruzalemu mu minwe y’aba Séleucides maze asitura ca gicaniro cari cahumanijwe yubaka ikindi gishasha mu kibanza caco. Haciye neza na neza imyaka itatu ico gicaniro gihumanijwe, Maccabée yarasubiye kwegurira Yehova urwo rusengero rwari rwatyorowe. Kuva ico gihe, uwo “musi mukuru w’iyegura” (mu giheburayo, chanuk·kahʹ) Abayuda bagiye barawuhimbaza muri Kigarama. Muri kino gihe, uwo musi mukuru witwa Hanuka.

[Ifoto ku rup. 14]

Ishusho ya Judas Maccabée, Lyon, 1553

[Abo dukesha ifoto ku rup. 14]

Yakuwe mu gitabu Wood’s Bible Animals. 1876