Dziko la South Korea likumanga achinyamata ambirimbiri amene ndi osalakwa. Achinyamatawa ndi a Mboni za Yehova ndipo akumangidwa chifukwa akukana kulowa usilikali potsatira zimene amakhulupirira. Boma la South Korea silimateteza Ufulu wa anthu okana kulowa usilikali ndipo zimenezi zachititsa kuti a Mboni za Yehova ambiri atsekeredwe m’ndende. Pa zaka 60 zapitazi a Mboni za Yehova oposa 17,000 akhala akumangidwa chifukwa chokana kulowa usilikali.

Pofuna kudziwitsa anthu zinthu zopanda chilungamozi, ofesi ya Mboni za Yehova ku South Korea inatulutsa kabuku kofotokoza za nkhaniyi kamutu wakuti,  Conscientious Objection to Military Service in Korea. Kabukuka kamafotokoza kwambiri za kulephera kwa boma la Korea kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo amene mayiko ambiri amayendera komanso kulephera kuteteza anthu amene amakana kulowa usilikali chifukwa cha zimene amakhulupirira. Kamanenanso mwachidule mbiri ya moyo wa achinyamata a Mboni amene anamangidwa chifukwa cha zimene amakhulupirira. Bambo Dae-il Hong, omwe amaimira ofesi ya Mboni za Yehova ku Korea ndiponso a Philip Brumley, woimira Mboni za Yehova ku New York pa nkhani za malamulo, anafotokoza zambiri pa zinthu zopanda chilungamo zimene dziko la Korea likuchita.

Kodi mayiko ndi mabungwe ena anenapo zotani pa zinthu zopanda chilungamo zimene zikuchitika ku South Korea?

Philip Brumley: Mayiko ambiri anadzudzula dziko la Korea chifukwa cholephera kulemekeza ufulu umene anthu okana kulowa usilikali chifukwa cha zimene amakhulupirira amakhala nawo. Pa msonkhano wa bungwe la United Nations (Universal Periodic Review) womwe unachitika chaposachedwapa, mayiko 8 anauza dziko la Korea kuti lisiye kumanga anthu amene amakana kulowa usilikali chifukwa cha zimene amakhulupirira, koma aziwapatsa ntchito zina. Mayikowa ndi Hungary, France, Germany, Poland, Slovakia, Spain, United States ndi Australia. a

Dae-il Hong: Pa milandu 4 yokhudza anthu 501 amene anakana kulowa usilikali chifukwa cha zimene amakhulupirira, komiti ya bungwe la United Nations yoona za ufulu wachibadwidwe (Human Rights Committee [CCPR]) inagamula kuti dziko la Korea linaphwanya ufulu wa anthuwo pamene linawaimba mlandu komanso kuwamanga. Komitiyi inanena kuti “ufulu wokana kulowa usilikali chifukwa cha zimene munthu amakhulupirira ndi wofanana ndi ufulu wonena maganizo ako, ufulu wotsatira zimene umakhulupirira ndiponso ufulu wopembedza. Ufuluwu umapatsa munthu mwayi wokana kulowa usilikali ngati munthuyo akuona kuti n’zosagwirizana ndi chipembedzo chake kapena zimene amakhulupirira. Palibe munthu amene akufunika kuphwanyira mnzake ufulu umenewu pomuopseza.” b

Nthambi inanso ya bungwe la United Nations yoona za ufulu wachibadwidwe (Human Rights Council), inanenanso nkhani yofananayi m’lipoti lake laposachedwapa lakuti, “Lipoti lofotokoza nkhani yokhudza kukana kulowa usilikali chifukwa cha zimene munthu amakhulupirira.” Lipotili linasonyeza mfundo zimene mayiko ndi mabungwe ambiri amayendera zomwe zimalimbikitsa mayiko kulemekeza ufulu wa anthu amene amakana kulowa usilikali. Lipotili linasonyezanso kuti si zoyenera kuti mayiko aziopseza, kuimba mlandu kapena kulanga anthu amene amakana kulowa usilikali chifukwa cha zimene amakhulupirira. c

Kodi boma la Korea lachitapo chiyani pa nkhaniyi?

Philip Brumley: Boma la Korea silinayambebe kutsatira mfundo zimene mayiko anagwirizana pa msonkhano wa CCPR. Choncho dzikoli lalephera kutsatira mfundo zimene mayiko anagwirizana komanso likukana kulemekeza ufulu wa anthu amene amakana kulowa usilikali. Kuwonjezera pamenepa khoti lalikulu ku South Korea komanso khoti laling’ono linanyalanyaza zimene mayiko anagwirizana pa msonkhano wa CCPR. Makhotiwa anachita zimenezi pokana kumva madandaulo a anthu amene anakana kulowa usilikali. Mpaka pano nyumba yamalamulo ya ku Korea sinakhazikitse ntchito imene anthu okana kulowa usilikali angamagwire ndipo sinakhazikitsenso njira zotetezera anthuwo.

Kodi achinyamata a Mboni za Yehova amene amamangidwa amakumana ndi mavuto otani?

Dae-il Hong: Anyamatawa ndi olimba mtima kwambiri chifukwa boma likawaitana, sathawa koma amapitabe ngakhale akudziwa kuti malinga ndi mmene zinthu zilili panopa, akaimbidwa mlandu komanso kuikidwa m’ndende. Iwo ndi nzika za chitsanzo chabwino ndipo amapitirizabe kukhala ndi makhalidwe abwino ngakhale pamene ali kundende. Amakhala chaka chimodzi ndi hafu ali kundendeko ndipo pa nthawiyi amasowana ndi achibale awo. Koma n’zomvetsa chisoni kuti akatuluka amakhala ndi mbiri yoti anamangidwapo ndipo zimenezi zimachititsa kuti azivutika kupeza ntchito m’boma ngakhalenso m’makampani akuluakulu. Iwo amakumana ndi mavuto onsewa ngakhale kuti sanalakwe chilichonse.

Kodi a Mboni za Yehova ku Korea akuyeneradi kumaimbidwa mlandu komanso kumangidwa chifukwa chokana kulowa usilikali?

Dae-il Hong: Ayi ndithu, chifukwa iwo si zigawenga. Anthu a Mboni za Yehova ku Korea komanso padziko lonse lapansi, amadziwika kuti ndi anthu okonda mtendere, omvera malamulo komanso amagwira ntchito zachitukuko m’dera lawo modzipereka. Iwo amalemekeza olamulira a boma, amapereka misonkho komanso amathandiza boma pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Posachedwapa, woweruza milandu ku khothi lina laling’ono la ku Korea analamula kuti mnyamata wina wa Mboni aikidwe m’ndende atakana kulowa usilikali chifukwa cha zimene amakhulupirira. Pambuyo ponena kuti sakanathanso kugamula mlanduwo mwanjira ina, woweruzayo anapereka chigamulochi. Kenako woweruzayo anabisa nkhope yake ndi mapepala ndipo anayamba kulira. Zikuoneka kuti woweruzayo anasowa mtendere chifukwa anadziwa kuti mlanduwu sunayende mwachilungamo. Anthu enanso amene ankamvera mlanduwo anazindikira zimenezi ndipo anayamba kulira.

Philip Brumley: Tsopano nthawi yakwana yakuti akuluakulu a boma la Korea athetse nkhaniyi, yomwe yakhala ikuvuta kwa nthawi yaitali. Boma lingachite zimenezi poyamba kulemekeza ufulu wa anthu omwe amakana kulowa usilikali.