Kodi Muyenera Kuphunzira Chiheberi ndi Chigiriki?

MBALI yaikulu ya Baibulo inalembedwa m’zinenero ziwiri, Chiheberi ndi Chigiriki. * Anthu amene analemba Baibulo anatsogoleredwa ndi mzimu woyera wa Mulungu. (2 Samueli 23:2) Choncho, uthenga umene analemba tinganene kuti ndi ‘wouziridwa ndi Mulungu.’​—2 Timoteyo 3:16, 17.

Komabe, masiku ano anthu ambiri amene amawerenga Baibulo sadziwa Chiheberi ndi Chigiriki. Koma amagwiritsa ntchito Baibulo lomasuliridwa m’chinenero chawo. Mwina ndi mmenenso inunso mumachitira. Popeza omasulira Mabaibulo amenewa sanena kuti anauziridwa ndi Mulungu, mwina mungadzifunse kuti, ‘Kodi ndingamvetse bwino uthenga wa m’Baibulo ngakhale kuti ndikugwiritsa ntchito Baibulo lochita kumasuliridwa? Kapena kodi ndiphunzire Chiheberi ndi Chigiriki?’

Zimene Muyenera Kudziwa

Tisanayankhe mafunso amenewa, tifunika kudziwa mfundo zotsatirazi. Yoyamba ndi yakuti, kungodziwa Chiheberi kapena Chigiriki chimene anagwiritsa ntchito polemba Baibulo, sikuchititsa munthu kumvetsa uthenga wa m’Baibulo. Polankhula ndi Ayuda a m’nthawi yake, Yesu anati: “Inu mumafufuza m’Malemba, chifukwa mumaganiza kuti mwa Malembawo mudzapeza moyo wosatha; ndipo Malemba omwewo ndi amenenso amachitira umboni za ine. Koma simufuna kubwera kwa ine kuti mupeze moyo.” (Yohane 5:39, 40) Kodi vuto lawo linali chiyani? Kodi kunali kusadziwa Chiheberi? Ayi, iwo ankadziwa bwino chinenerochi. Komabe, Yesu anapitiriza kuti: “Ndikudziwa bwino ndithu kuti mwa inu mulibe chikondi cha Mulungu.”​—Yohane 5:42.

Mtumwi Paulo nayenso anauza Akhristu olankhula Chigiriki a mumzinda wakale wa Korinto kuti: “Ayuda amafuna kuona zizindikiro ndiponso Agiriki amafunafuna nzeru; koma ife timalalikira za Khristu amene anapachikidwa. Kwa Ayuda, ndi chinthu chokhumudwitsa ndipo kwa mitundu ina ndi kupusa.” (1 Akorinto 1:22, 23) Choncho, n’zoonekeratu kuti kungolankhula Chiheberi kapena Chigiriki sikunali kofunika kwambiri kuti munthu akhulupirire uthenga wa m’Mawu a Mulungu.

Mfundo yachiwiri ndi yakuti, ngakhale kuti anthu masiku ano amalankhula Chiheberi kapena Chigiriki, zinenero zimenezi zimasiyana  kwambiri ndi Chiheberi komanso Chigiriki chimene anagwiritsa ntchito polemba Baibulo. Anthu ambiri amene amalankhula Chigiriki masiku ano zimawavuta kumva Chigiriki chimene anagwiritsa ntchito polemba Baibulo. Zili choncho chifukwa chakuti mawu ena anasintha komanso anawonjezeramo ena ndipo mawu ambiri amene sanasinthe, amatanthauza zinthu zina. Mwachitsanzo, mawu akuti “wokongola” opezeka pa Machitidwe 7:20 ndi Aheberi 11:23, amatanthauza “woseketsa” m’Chigiriki cha masiku ano. Komanso, malamulo ndiponso katchulidwe ka mawu a Chigiriki kanasintha kwambiri.

Ngakhale mutaphunzira Chiheberi ndi Chigiriki cha masiku ano, sizikutanthauza kuti mungamvetse bwinobwino Baibulo limene linalembedwa m’Chiheberi kapena Chigiriki choyambirira. Mungafunikebe mabuku otanthauzira mawu ndiponso a malamulo a zinenerozi kuti mudziwe mmene anthu ankalankhulira panthawi imene Baibulo linkalembedwa.

Mfundo yachitatu ndi yakuti, kuphunzira chinenero china ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti poyamba zingakhale zosavuta kuphunzira mawu angapo a chinenero china, pangatenge zaka ndiponso mungafunike kuchita khama kwambiri kuti mudziwe kusiyana kwa katchulidwe kamawu ndiponso matanthauzo ake m’chinenerocho. N’chifukwa chake anthu ambiri amaona kuti kudziwa mawu ochepa n’kosathandiza. Chifukwa chiyani zili choncho?

N’zovuta Kudziwa Tanthauzo la Mawu

Kodi munthu wina amene akuphunzira chinenero chanu, anakufunsanipo tanthauzo la mawu enaake? Ngati ndi choncho, muyenera kuti mukudziwa kuti nthawi zambiri zimavuta kuyankha. N’chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa chakuti mawu amodzi amatha kukhala ndi matanthauzo ambiri. Ndipo mwina mungam’pemphe kuti atchule mawuwo m’chiganizo kuti mudziwe tanthauzo lake. Popanda kuchita zimenezi, zingakuvuteni kudziwa tanthauzo la mawuwo limene akufuna. Mwachitsanzo, mwina mungafunsidwe kuti kodi mawu akuti “bala” amatanthauza chiyani? Mawu amenewa amatanthauza zinthu zambiri malinga ndi nkhani yake. Angatanthauze chilonda, koma pankhani ina, angatanthauzenso kubereka mwana. Ndipo pankhani inanso, angatanthauze kuti phala lachita mabulu. Ndiyeno, kodi mungadziwe bwanji tanthauzo limene munthuyo akufuna?

Buku lotanthauzira mawu lingapereke matanthauzo onse amene alipo pamawuwo. Ndipo mabuku ena amasonyeza matanthauzowa kuyambira ndi lofala kwambiri. Koma nkhani imene mukupezeka mawuwo, ndi imene ingakuthandizeni kudziwa tanthauzo lake. Tiyerekeze kuti mumadziwa pang’ono zamankhwala ndipo mukudzimva kuti mukudwala. Mukhoza kuona m’buku lotanthauzira mawu la zamankhwala kuti mudziwe matenda amene mukudwala. Ndiyeno mwina mungapeze kuti pafupifupi anthu onse amene amamva zizindikiro zimenezo, amawapeza ndi matenda ofanana. Koma anthu ochepa kwambiri amakhala akudwala matenda osiyana ndi amenewo. Choncho, mungafunike kudziwa zambiri musayambe kumwa mankhwala enaake. Chimodzimodzinso ndi chinenero, popeza kuti mawu enaake nthawi zambiri amatanthauza chinthu chinachake, zingakhale zosathandiza ngati mukuwerenga nkhani yofunika kwambiri imene agwiritsa ntchito mawuwo koma akutanthauza zina. Ndipo mudzafunika kumvetsa bwino nkhani yake kuti mumvetse tanthauzo la mawuwo.

Tikanena zophunzira mawu a m’Baibulo, muyeneranso kumvetsa bwino nkhani imene mukupezeka mawuwo. Mwachitsanzo, mawu a Chiheberi ndiponso Chigiriki choyambirira amene nthawi zambiri amawamasulira kuti “mzimu” angatanthauze zinthu zina, malinga ndi nkhani yake. Nthawi zina, amawamasulira kuti “mphepo.” (Eksodo 10:13; Yohane 3:8) M’nkhani zina amatanthauza mphamvu ya moyo yopezeka m’zinthu zonse zamoyo monga anthu ndiponso nyama. (Genesis 7:22;  Salmo 104:29; Yakobe 2:26) Zolengedwa zakumwamba zimene sizioneka zimatchedwanso kuti mizimu. (1 Mafumu 22:21, 22; Mateyo 8:16) Nayonso mphamvu yogwira ntchito ya Mulungu imatchedwa kuti mzimu woyera. (Genesis 1:2; Mateyo 12:28) Ndipo mawu omwewa amatanthauzanso mphamvu imene imachititsa munthu kusonyeza mtima kapena khalidwe linalake komanso anthu ena kukhala ndi maganizo enaake.​—Yoswa 2:11; Agalatiya 6:18.

Ngakhale kuti buku lotanthauzira mawu a Chiheberi kapena Chigiriki lingatchule matanthauzo onsewa, nkhani imene muli mawuwo ndi imene ingakuthandizeni kudziwa tanthauzo loyenera. * Ndi mmene zimakhalira kaya mukuwerenga Baibulo la m’zinenero zoyambirira kapena Baibulo lomasuliridwa m’chinenero chanu.

Kodi N’kulakwa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Baibulo Lochita Kumasuliridwa?

Anthu ena ayesetsa kuphunzira Chiheberi kapena Chigiriki chimene anagwiritsa ntchito polemba Baibulo, kapenanso aphunzira zinenero zonsezi. Ngakhale kuti amadziwa kuti zinenerozi sakuzidziwa bwino, amasangalalabe kuwerenga Baibulo m’chinenero chimene linalembedwa ndipo amaona kuti khama lawo likuwapindulira. Komabe, ngati simungathe kuwerenga zinenero zimenezi, kodi muyenera kugwa ulesi n’kusiya kufunafuna choonadi cha m’Baibulo? Ayi. Tikutero pazifukwa zotsatirazi.

Chifukwa choyamba n’chakuti, palibe vuto lililonse kugwiritsa ntchito Baibulo lochita kumasuliridwa. Ndipotu olemba Malemba Achigiriki Achikhristu, kapena amene anthu amati Chipangano Chatsopano, nthawi zambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito Baibulo la Chigiriki pogwira mawu m’Malemba a Chiheberi. * (Salmo 40:6; Aheberi 10:5, 6) Ngakhale  kuti ankalankhula Chiheberi ndipo akanatha kugwira mawu m’Malemba Achiheberi choyambirira, iwo ankakonda kugwiritsa ntchito Baibulo lochita kumasuliridwa, limene anthu ambiri amene ankawalembera uthengawo anali nalo.​—Genesis 12:3; Agalatiya 3:8.

Chifukwa chachiwiri n’chakuti, ngakhale munthu atakhala kuti amadziwa zinenero zoyambirira za Baibulo, amawerenga mawu a Yesu omasuliridwa basi. Zimenezi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti olemba Mauthenga Abwino analemba m’Chigiriki zimene Yesu analankhula m’Chiheberi. * Aliyense amene amaganiza kuti kuwerenga mawu a atumiki a Yehova akale m’zinenero zoyambirira kumawapatsa nzeru zapadera, ayenera kuganizira kwambiri chifukwa chimene timawerenga uthenga wa Yesu wochita kumasuliridwa. Chifukwa chakuti Yehova anathandiza kuti mawu a Mtumiki wake wamkulu asungidwe atawamasulira m’chinenero chimene anthu ambiri ankamva panthawiyo, zimasonyeza kuti chofunika kwambiri si chinenero cha Baibulo limene tikuwerenga. Koma chofunika n’kuwerenga uthenga wake wouziridwa m’chinenero chimene tingamve ndi kutsatira zimene uthengawo ukunena.

Chifukwa chachitatu n’chakuti, “uthenga wabwino” wa m’Baibulo unayenera kupezeka kwa anthu ofatsa a “dziko lililonse, fuko, lilime, ndi mtundu uliwonse.” (Chivumbulutso 14:6; Luka 10:21; 1 Akorinto 1:27-29) Mogwirizana ndi zimenezi, anthu ambirimbiri masiku ano angathe kudziwa cholinga cha Mulungu powerenga Baibulo lomasuliridwa m’chinenero chawo osati kuphunzira chinenero china. M’zinenero zambiri, muli Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana, ndipo munthu akhoza kusankha limene akufuna. *

Ndiyeno kodi mungatani kuti mumvetse choonadi cha m’Baibulo? Mboni za Yehova zimaona kuti njira yothandiza kwambiri kumvetsa uthenga wa m’Mawu a Mulungu ndi kuphunzira Baibulo mutu uliwonse paokha. Mwachitsanzo, amatenga mutu wankhani umodzi, monga wakuti “Ukwati,” n’kufufuza mavesi okhudza nkhani imeneyi. Kuchita zimenezi, kumawathandiza kumvetsa nkhani za m’Baibulo zosiyanasiyana. Choncho, bwanji osapezerapo mwayi wophunzira Baibulo ndi Mboni za Yehova panyumba panu kwaulere? Kaya mumalankhula chinenero chiti, Mulungu amafuna kuti “anthu, kaya akhale a mtundu wotani, apulumuke ndi kukhala odziwa choonadi molondola.”​—1 Timoteyo 2:4; Chivumbulutso 7:9.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Bokosi/​Chithunzi patsamba 22]

Baibulo la Septuagint

Ayuda olankhula Chigiriki a m’nthawi ya Yesu ndiponso ya atumwi ankagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri Baibulo la Chigiriki lotchedwa Septuagint. Baibulo limeneli ndi la Malemba Achiheberi lomwe analimasulira m’Chigiriki. Baibulo la Septuagint ndi lotchuka kwambiri chifukwa linali loyamba kumasuliridwa m’chinenero china komanso chifukwa cha kukula kwa ntchito yolimasulira. Anthu anayamba kumasulira Baibulo la Septuagint m’zaka za m’ma 200 B.C.E., ndipo ntchitoyi inamalizidwa ndi anthu ena patatha zaka zoposa 100.

Akhristu oyambirira ankakonda kugwiritsa ntchito Baibulo la Septuagint pofuna kupereka umboni woti Yesu anali Khristu, Mesiya wolonjezedwa. Akhristuwo ankagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri Baibuloli moti anthu ena anayamba kunena kuti Baibuloli ndi la “Akhristu.” Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti Ayuda ambiri asamakonde Baibuloli ndiponso kuti pamasuliridwe Mabaibulo ena m’Chigiriki. Limodzi mwa Mabaibulo amenewo linamasuliridwa m’zaka za m’ma 100 C.E. ndi Aquila, yemwe sanali Myuda koma analowa chipembedzo chachiyuda. Katswiri wina wa Baibulo wotchuka ananena kuti lili ndi “chinthu china chochititsa chidwi kwambiri.” Iye ananena zimenezi chifukwa m’Baibulo la Chigiriki la Aquila, dzina la Mulungu lakuti Yehova limapezeka nthawi zambiri ndipo sanalimasulire koma analisiya m’Chiheberi.

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Israel Antiquities Authority

[Zithunzi patsamba 23]

Tiyenera kuwerenga uthenga wouziridwa wa m’Baibulo m’chinenero chimene tingamve ndi kutsatira zimene uthengawo ukunena