Kodi Mungadziwe Bwanji Baibulo Lomasuliridwa Bwino?

BAIBULO linalembedwa m’Chiheberi, Chialamu ndi Chigiriki. Motero, anthu ambiri amene amafuna kuwerenga Baibulo, amadalira Baibulo lomasuliridwa m’chinenero chimene amamva.

Masiku ano, Baibulo ndi buku limene lamasuliridwa kwambiri padziko lonse, moti Baibulo lonse lathunthu kapena zigawo zake likupezeka m’zinenero zoposa 2,400. Ndipo zinenero zina zili ndi Mabaibulo ambiri. Ngati m’chinenero chanu muli ndi Mabaibulo angapo, mosakayikira mumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito Baibulo lomasuliridwa bwino kwambiri.

Kuti musankhe mwanzeru, mufunika kupeza mayankho a mafunso otsatirawa: Kodi Mabaibulo amamasuliridwa bwanji? Kodi ubwino ndiponso mavuto a njira iliyonse yomasulirira Baibulo ndi otani? Ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani mufunika kusamala kwambiri mukamawerenga Mabaibulo ena?

Mabaibulo Amamasuliridwa Mosiyanasiyana Kwambiri

Mabaibulo amamasuliridwa mosiyanasiyana kwambiri, koma kwenikweni tingawaike m’magulu atatu. Pamaguluwa pali Mabaibulo omwe anamasuliridwa liwu ndi liwu kuchokera ku zinenero zimene anagwiritsira ntchito polemba Baibulo.

Gulu lina ndi la Mabaibulo omasuliridwa mofotokozera. Omasulira Mabaibulo otere amakhala ndi ufulu wofotokoza uthenga wa m’Baibulo mogwirizana ndi mmene iwowo akumvera komanso zimene akuganiza kuti owerenga akasangalala nazo.

Gulu lachitatu ndi la Mabaibulo amene sanamasuliridwe motsatira kwenikweni liwu ndi liwu kapena mofotokozera. Omasulira Mabaibulo amenewa, amayesetsa kumasulira tanthauzo lenileni la mawu mogwirizana ndi chinenero chimene  anagwiritsira ntchito polemba Baibulo. Komanso amayesetsa kuti Baibulolo lisakhale lovuta kuwerenga.

Kodi Mabaibulo Omasuliridwa Liwu ndi Liwu Ndiye Abwino Kwambiri?

Kumasulira Baibulo mongotsatira liwu ndi liwu si njira yabwino kwenikweni yomasulira tanthauzo la vesi lililonse m’Baibulo. N’chifukwa chiyani tikutero? Pali zifukwa zingapo, koma taonani zitsanzo ziwiri izi:

1. Palibe zinenero zimene zimafanana ndendende pa malamulo a kalembedwe, mawu ndiponso kapangidwe ka ziganizo. Katswiri wina wa chinenero cha Chiheberi, S. R. Driver, ananena kuti zinenero “zimasiyana malamulo a kalembedwe ndiponso mawu ake, komanso . . . kalumikizidwe ka mawu m’ziganizo.” Anthu olankhula zinenero zosiyana amaganizanso mosiyana. “Choncho, kapangidwe ka ziganizo m’zinenero zosiyana kamasiyananso,” anateronso katswiri uja.

Baibulo lomasuliridwa liwu ndi liwu lingakhale lovuta kumva ndiponso lopereka matanthauzo olakwika. Tikutero chifukwa chakuti palibe chinenero chimene mawu ndiponso malamulo ake a kalembedwe ndi ofanana ndendende ndi Chiheberi ndiponso Chigiriki chimene anagwiritsira ntchito polemba Baibulo. Taonani zitsanzo izi.

M’kalata imene mtumwi Paulo analembera Aefeso, anagwiritsira ntchito mawu omwe akawamasulira liwu ndi liwu amati: “Mu kampira kochitira mayere a anthu.” (Aefeso 4:14, The Kingdom Interlinear Translation of the Greek Scriptures) * Mawu amenewa amafotokoza za kuchitira ena chinyengo pogwiritsira ntchito kampira kochitira mayere. Komatu, m’zinenero zambiri mawu amenewa akamasuliridwa liwu ndi liwu sapereka tanthauzo lenileni. Koma tanthauzo lake limamveka bwino akawamasulira kuti ‘chinyengo cha anthu.’

M’kalata imene Paulo analembera Aroma, iye anagwiritsira ntchito mawu a Chigiriki amene akawamasulira liwu ndi liwu amati: “Mpaka kuwira mzimu.” (Aroma 12:11, Kingdom Interlinear) Kodi zimenezi zikumveka? Tanthauzo lenileni la mawuwa n’lakuti ‘kuyaka ndi mzimu.’

Pa ulaliki wina wotchuka kwambiri, Yesu anagwiritsira ntchito mawu omwe nthawi zambiri amamasuliridwa kuti: “Odala ali osauka mumzimu.” (Mateyo 5:3) Komatu, m’zinenero zambiri  mawu amenewa akawamasulira liwu ndi liwu samveka bwino. M’zinenero zina kungowamasulira liwu ndi liwu kumapereka tanthauzo loti ‘osauka mumzimuwo’ mitu yawo siigwira kapena ndi opanda nyonga ndiponso okayikakayika pochita zinthu. Komabe, ponena mawu amenewa, Yesu ankaphunzitsa anthu kuti anafunika kuzindikira kuti iwo angakhale osangalala osati chifukwa chokhala ndi zinthu zofunika zakuthupi, koma chifukwa chozindikira kuti akufunika kutsogoleredwa ndi Mulungu. (Luka 6:20) Motero, tanthauzo lake lenileni limamveka bwino akamasuliridwa kuti, “iwo amene amazindikira zosowa zawo zauzimu,” kapena “iwo amene akuzindikira kuti akufunikira Mulungu.”​—Mateyo 5:3, The New Testament in Modern English.

2. Mawu amatha kusintha tanthauzo malinga ndi nkhani. Mwachitsanzo, mawu a Chiheberi omwe nthawi zambiri amatanthauza dzanja angatanthauzenso zinthu zina zambiri. Malinga ndi nkhani yake, mawuwa angamasuliridwe kuti “ufumu,” ‘kuninkha mwaufulu’ kapena “mphamvu.” (2 Samueli 8:3; 1 Mafumu 10:13; Miyambo 18:21) Ndipotu, mu Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano la Chingelezi, mawuwa amasuliridwa ndi matanthauzo oposa 40.

 Popeza kuti mawu amamasuliridwa mogwirizana ndi nkhani yake, Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano la Chingelezi lili ndi mawu pafupifupi 16,000 omasulira mawu a Chigiriki cha m’Baibulo okwanira 5,500, ndipo lilinso ndi mawu oposa 27,000 omasulira mawu a Chiheberi pafupifupi 8,500. * N’chifukwa chiyani mawu anamasuliridwa mosiyanasiyana chonchi? Komiti yomasulira Baibuloli inaona kuti kumasulira tanthauzo lenileni la mawuwo mogwirizana ndi nkhani yake kunali kofunika kwambiri kuposa kungowamasulira liwu ndi liwu. Ngakhale zili choncho, omasulira Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano anayesetsa kumasulira mawu a Chiheberi ndi Chigiriki mosasinthasintha pamene zinali zotheka kutero.

Motero, n’zoonekeratu kuti kumasulira Baibulo si ntchito yongomasulira mofanana mawu a zinenero zomwe anagwiritsira ntchito polemba Baibulo paliponse pamene akupezeka. Omasulirawo ayenera kuganiza bwino posankha mawu amene akupereka tanthauzo lolondola ndiponso omveka bwino mogwirizana ndi nkhani yake. Komanso, ayenera kupeza mawu ndi kuwaika m’ziganizo mogwirizana ndi malamulo a kalembedwe ka chinenero chawo.

Nanga Bwanji za Mabaibulo Omasuliridwa Mofotokozera?

Omasulira Mabaibulo ofotokozera amakhala ndi ufulu womasulira mawu mosiyana ndi mmene alili m’zinenero zimene anagwiritsira ntchito polemba Baibulo. Kodi amachita motani zimenezi? Iwo nthawi zina amawonjezera kapena kuchotsa mfundo zina malinga ndi mmene akumvera mawu a zinenero zimene anagwiritsira ntchito polemba Baibulo. Popeza kuti Mabaibulo omasuliridwa motere savuta kuwerenga, anthu ambiri angasangalale nawo. Komabe, nthawi zina tanthauzo la mawu silingamveke bwino kapena lingasinthe chifukwa chakuti omasulirawo amayesetsa kuti anthu asamakavutike powerenga.

Taonani mmene Baibulo lina lofotokozera linamasulirira pemphero lachitsanzo la Yesu: “Atate wathu wakumwamba, dziululeni kuti ndinu ndani.” (Mateyo 6:9, The Message: The Bible in Contemporary Language) Mawu a Yesu m’vesili akamasuliridwa molondola amamveka kuti: “Atate wathu wa kumwamba, dzina lanu liyeretsedwe.” Taonaninso mmene lemba la Yohane 17:26 linamasuliridwira m’Mabaibulo ena. Malinga ndi zimene Baibulo lina lofotokozera limanena, usiku umene Yesu anamangidwa, iye anapemphera kwa Atate wake kuti: “Ndakudziwikitsani kwa iwo.” (Today’s English Version) Komabe, pemphero la Yesuli likamasuliridwa molondola limati: “Dzina lanu ndalidziwitsa kwa iwo.” Kodi mukuona mmene omasulira ena amabisira mfundo yoti Mulungu ali ndi dzina limene tiyenera kuligwiritsira ntchito ndiponso kulilemekeza?

N’chifukwa Chiyani Tifunika Kusamala?

Mabaibulo ena ofotokozera sasonyeza bwinobwino makhalidwe abwino otchulidwa m’zinenero zimene anagwiritsira ntchito polemba Baibulo. Mwachitsanzo, pa 1 Akorinto 6:9, 10, Baibulo lina limati: “Kodi simudziwa kuti simuyenera kukhala chonchi? Anthu osalungama amene siziwakhudza zoti kuli Mulungu sadzalowa nawo mu ufumu wake. Amene sachitira anzawo zabwino, sachita bwino pankhani za kugonana, sagwiritsira ntchito bwino dziko ndi zinthu zonse zimene zilimo, sakuyenerera kudzakhala nzika za Ufumu wa Mulungu.”​—The Message: The Bible in Contemporary Language.

Ndiyeno yerekezerani zimenezi ndi mawu omasuliridwa molondola opezeka mu Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano: “Kodi zoonadi inu simukudziwa kuti anthu osalungama sadzalowa mu ufumu wa Mulungu? Musasochezedwe.  Adama, opembedza mafano, achigololo, amuna osungidwira kugonedwa ndi amuna anzawo, kapena amuna ogonana ndi amuna anzawo, akuba, aumbombo, zidakwa, olalata, kapena olanda, onsewo sadzalowa mu ufumu wa Mulungu.” Onani kuti makhalidwe amene mtumwi Paulo anatchula mwatsatanetsatane kuti tiyenera kuwapewa sakutchulidwa n’komwe m’Baibulo lofotokozera lija.

Ena mwa Mabaibulo oterewa anamasuliridwa mogwirizana ndi mmene womasulirayo amamvera zimene Baibulo limaphunzitsa. Mwachitsanzo, Baibulo la Today’s English Version, limene ambiri amalitcha Good News Bible, linamasulira mawu amene Yesu ananena kwa otsatira ake kuti: “Lowani pa chipata chopapatiza; chifukwa chipata cha ku helo n’chachikulu, ndipo msewu wopita nawo kumeneko ndi wosavuta kuyendamo, ndiponso pali ambiri amene akuyenda mu msewu umenewo.” (Mateyo 7:13) Omasulira Baibuloli anaikapo mawu akuti “helo” ngakhale kuti nkhani ya m’buku la Mateyo imanena momveka bwino kuti “chiwonongeko.” N’chifukwa chiyani anachita zimenezi? N’kutheka kuti anatero n’cholinga cholimbikitsa maganizo oti anthu oipa adzazunzidwa kwamuyaya, osati kuwonongedwa. *

Kodi Baibulo Lomasuliridwa Bwino Mungalidziwe Bwanji?

Olemba Baibulo anagwiritsira ntchito mawu omwe anali odziwika bwino kwa anthu ambiri monga alimi, abusa ndiponso asodzi. (Nehemiya 8:8, 12; Machitidwe 4:13) Motero, Baibulo lomasuliridwa bwino limafotokoza uthenga wake mosavuta ndipo anthu oona mtima amatha kuumvetsa mosaganizira chikhalidwe kapena dera lomwe akukhala. Komanso, Baibulo lomasuliridwa bwino kwambiri liyenera kuchita izi:

▪ Kufotokoza molondola uthenga weniweni umene Mulungu anauzira.​—2 Timoteyo 3:16.

▪ Kumasulira liwu ndi liwu mawu a zinenero zimene anagwiritsira ntchito polemba Baibulo ngati angamveke bwino.

▪ Kumasulira tanthauzo la mawu kapena chiganizo momveka bwino ngati kumasulira liwu ndi liwu kungapangitse kuti tanthauzo lake lisamveke bwino kapena lisinthe.

▪ Kugwiritsira ntchito mawu amene anthu a chinenerocho amalankhula ndiponso mawu osavuta kumva amene angapangitse anthu kukhala ndi chidwi choliwerenga.

Kodi pali Baibulo lililonse lomasuliridwa motere? Anthu ambiri omwe amawerenga magazini ino amakonda kugwiritsira ntchito Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa chakuti anthuwo amagwirizana ndi njira imene komiti yomwe inamasulira Baibuloli inatsatira. M’mawu oyamba a Baibulo loyambirira la Chingelezi, komitiyo inati: “Ife sitinafotokozere Malemba. Pamene zinali zotheka kugwiritsira ntchito mawu amakono a Chingelezi momasulira liwu ndi liwu, ndiponso pamene tinaona kuti kuchita zimenezi sikusintha tanthauzo lenileni la mawuwo kapena kulipangitsa kuti lisamveke bwino, tayesetsa kumasulira liwu ndi liwu.”

Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano lasindikizidwa lathunthu kapena zigawo zake m’zinenero zoposa 60, ndipo Mabaibulo oposa 145,000,000 afalitsidwa. Ngati lilipo m’chinenero chimene inu mumamva, bwanji osapempha Mboni za Yehova kuti zikupatseni Baibuloli kuti muone nokha ubwino wake?

Cholinga cha anthu amene amafunitsitsa kuphunzira Baibulo n’choti adziwe ndi kuchita zimene uthenga umene Mulungu anauzira ukunena. Ndipo ngati muli m’gulu la anthu amenewa, mukufunikira Baibulo lolondola.

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 21]

Popeza kuti Mabaibulo omasuliridwa mofotokozera savuta kuwerenga, anthu ambiri amasangalala nawo. Komabe, nthawi zina tanthauzo la mawu silingamveke bwino kapena lingasinthe

[Mawu Otsindika patsamba 22]

Baibulo la Dziko Latsopano lasindikizidwa lathunthu kapena zigawo zake m’zinenero zoposa 60, ndipo Mabaibulo oposa 145,000,000 afalitsidwa

[Bokosi/​Chithunzi patsamba 20]

MABUKU AKALE KWAMBIRI OFOTOKOZERA BAIBULO

Kumasulira Baibulo mofotokozera sikunayambe lero. Kale kwambiri, Ayuda anasonkhanitsa mabuku amene masiku ano amatchedwa ma Targum a Chialamu, kapena kuti mabuku ofotokozera Malemba. Ngakhale kuti mabukuwa sanamasulire Baibulo molondola, amasonyeza mmene Ayuda ankamvera malemba ena ndiponso amathandiza omasulira kumvetsa matanthauzo a malemba ena ovuta. Mwachitsanzo, mabukuwa amati “ana . . . a Mulungu” otchulidwa pa Yobu 38:7 ndi “magulu a angelo.” Pa Genesis 10:9 amasonyeza kuti mawu a Chiheberi omwe anawagwiritsira ntchito pofotokozera dzina la Nimrode, amatanthauza “wotsutsana ndi” osati “[woima] pamaso pa,” zimene sizikusonyeza kutsutsa. Ayuda ankagwiritsira ntchito mabukuwa pamodzi ndi mabuku a Baibulo. Koma mabuku amenewa sanalowe m’malo mwa Baibulo.

[Chithunzi]

KACHIGAWO KA BAIBULO LA WALTON LA “BIBLIA POLYGLOTTA,” LOMWE LINAMALIZIDWA MU 1657 YOBU 38:1-15

Malemba a Chiheberi a Baibulo (pamenepa palinso mizera yomasulira mawuwo liwu ndi liwu m’Chilatini)

Mawu ofanana nawo a mu Targum ya Chialamu

[Chithunzi patsamba 19]

KACHIGAWO KA BAIBULO LOMASULIRIDWA LIWU NDI LIWU LA “THE KINGDOM INTERLINEAR TRANSLATION OF THE GREEK SCRIPTURES,” AEFESO 4:14

Danga lakumanzere likusonyeza mawu omasuliridwa liwu ndi liwu. Danga lakumanja likusonyeza mawu omasuliridwa malinga ndi tanthauzo lake

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 18]

Background: Shrine of the Book, Israel Museum, Jerusalem