“Khala Ukudziphunzitsa”

WOFULUMIRA kwambiri, wapamwamba kwambiri, wolimba kwambiri! Izi n’zimene akatswiri a maseŵero akale ku Greece ndi ku Roma anali kuzifuna. Kwa zaka zambirimbiri, ku Olympia, Delphi, ndi ku Nemea ndiponso pa kamtunda kopita ku chilumba cha Korinto, kunkachitika maseŵero aakulu amene anali “kudalitsidwa” ndi milungu ndipo anthu zikwizikwi anali kuonerera. Munthu ankakhala ndi mwayi woloŵa nawo m’mipikisano ya maseŵerowa atayesetsa mwakhama kwa zaka zambiri. Munthu akapambana ankalemekezedwa kwambiri pamodzinso ndi mzinda umene iye anachokera.

N’zosadabwitsa kuti pokhala ndi zochitika zimenezi, olemba Malemba Achigiriki Achikristu anafananitsa mpikisano wothamanga wa Akristu ndi maseŵero amenewo. Pofuna kuphunzitsa mogwira mtima, mtumwi Petro ndi mtumwi Paulo anagwiritsa ntchito mwaluso mafanizo okhudza maseŵerowo. Masiku ano, mpikisano waukulu wothamanga wachikristu wonga umenewo ukupitirizabe. Akristu a m’zaka 100 zoyambirira za Nyengo Yathu Ino anafunika kulimbana ndi dongosolo la zinthu la Chiyuda. Ifenso masiku ano, ‘tikulimbana’ ndi dongosolo la padziko lonse limene latsala pang’ono kuwonongedwa. (2 Timoteo 2:5, NW; 3:1-5) Ena angaone kuti “mpikisano wa chikhulupiriro” chawo ndi wosatha ndipo ndi wotopetsa. (1 Timoteo 6:12, The New English Bible) Kupenda kufanana kwina kwa mpikisano wa maseŵero ndi mpikisano wachikristu m’Baibulo kudzatipindulitsa kwambiri.

Mphunzitsi Wabwino Kwambiri

Kuti katswiri wa maseŵero apambane, zimadalira kwambiri mphunzitsi. Pofotokoza za maseŵero akale, buku lakuti Archaeologia Graeca, limati: “Akatswiri olimbanawo anayenera kulumbira kuti atha miyezi khumi yathunthu akuphunzira.” Akristunso amafunika kulimbikira kuphunzira. Paulo analangiza Timoteo yemwe anali mkulu wachikristu kuti: “Khala ukudziphunzitsa uli ndi cholinga chokhala wodzipereka kwa Mulungu.” (1 Timoteo 4:7, NW) Kodi mphunzitsi wa “katswiri wa maseŵero” wachikristu ndani? Ndi Yehova Mulungu basi. Mtumwi Petro analemba kuti: “Mulungu wa chisomo chonse . . . adzamaliza yekha kukuphunzitsani, adzakukhadzikitsani, adzakulimbitsani.”​—1 Petro 5:10, NW.

Mawu akuti “adzamaliza kukuphunzitsani” akuchokera ku liwu la Chigiriki limene malinga ndi buku lakuti Theological Lexicon of the New Testament limatanthauza “kupangitsa chinthu [kapena munthu] kuyenerera cholinga chake, kuchikonzekeretsa ndi kuchigwirizanitsa ndi ntchito yake.” Mofananamo, buku lakuti Greek-English Lexicon la Liddell ndi Scott limati liwu limeneli lingatanthauze “kukonzekeretsa, kuphunzitsa, ndi kupereka zonse zofunika.” Kodi Yehova ‘amatikonzekeretsa, kutiphunzitsa, ndi kutipatsa zonse zofunikira’ motani pa mpikisano wathu wachikristu wovutawu? Kuti timvetse kufanana kwake, tiyeni tione njira zina zimene ophunzitsa anali kugwiritsa ntchito.

Buku lakuti The Olympic Games in Ancient Greece limati: “Anthu amene anali kuphunzitsa achinyamata anali kugwiritsa ntchito njira zazikulu ziŵiri, yoyamba inali yolimbikitsa wophunzirayo kusonyeza mphamvu zake zonse kuti zimuyendere bwino kwambiri ndipo yachiŵiri inali yopititsa patsogolo luso lake ndi kaseŵeredwe kake.”

N’chimodzimodzinso ndi Yehova, amatilimbikitsa kuti tichite bwino kwambiri mmene tingathere ndi kupititsa patsogolo luso lathu pomutumikira. Mulungu wathu amatipatsa mphamvu kudzera m’Baibulo, m’gulu lake la padziko lapansi, ndiponso Akristu anzathu okhwima mwauzimu. Nthaŵi zina amatiphunzitsa mwa kutilanga. (Ahebri 12:6) Nthaŵi zina iye angalole kuti tikumane ndi mayesero ndi mavuto osiyanasiyana kuti tikulitse kupirira. (Yakobo 1:2-4) Ndiponso amatipatsa mphamvu zimene  timafunikira. Mneneri Yesaya anati: “Iwo amene alindira Yehova adzatenganso mphamvu; adzauluka pamwamba ndi mapiko monga ziombankhanga; adzathamanga koma osalema; adzayenda koma osalefuka.”​—Yesaya 40:31.

Kuposa zonse, Mulungu amatipatsa mzimu wake woyera, umene umatilimbikitsa kuti tipitirizebe kum’tumikira movomerezeka. (Luka 11:13) Nthaŵi zambiri atumiki a Mulungu apirira mayesero a chikhulupiriro ovuta kwambiri ndiponso okhalitsa. Amene achita zimenezo ndi anthu wamba monganso ife. Koma kudalira kwawo Mulungu ndi mtima wonse kwawathandiza kuti apirire. Inde, ‘mphamvu zoposa zachibadwa n’za Mulungu osati zawo.’​—2 Akorinto 4:7, NW.

Mphunzitsi Wachifundo

Imodzi mwa ntchito za mphunzitsi wakale inali “kuona kuti ndi maseŵero ati amene wochita maseŵero anafunikira ndiponso kuti ayeserere kangati,” anatero katswiri wina. Mulungu akamatiphunzitsa, amaganizira mavuto athu, luso lathu, chibadwa chathu, ndiponso kuti pali zina zimene sitingathe kuchita. Nthaŵi zambiri Yehova akamatiphunzitsa, timam’pempha monga mmene anachitira Yobu kuti: “Mukumbukire kuti mwandiumba ngati dothi.” (Yobu 10:9) Kodi mphunzitsi wathu wachifundo amayankha bwanji? Davide analemba za Yehova kuti: “Adziŵa mapangidwe athu; akumbukira kuti ife ndife pfumbi.”​—Salmo 103:14.

Mwina mungakhale ndi matenda aakulu amene akukulepheretsani kuchita zambiri muutumiki, kapena mungakhale mukulimbana ndi vuto lodziona ngati ndinu wosanunkha kanthu. Mwina mukuyesetsa kuti mugonjetse chizoloŵezi choipa, kapena mungaone kuti simukukwanitsa kulimbana ndi zimene anzanu akukusonkhezerani kuchita kaya kumene mukukhala, kuntchito, kapena kusukulu. Kaya vuto lanu ndi lotani, kumbukirani kuti Yehova amamvetsa mavuto anu kuposa wina aliyense, ngakhale inu amene. Popeza ndi mphunzitsi wachifundo, iye ndi wokonzeka nthaŵi zonse kukuthandizani ngati muyandikira kwa iye.​—Yakobo 4:8.

Aphunzitsi akale “ankatha kusiyanitsa kutopa ndi kufooka kumene kunachitika osati chifukwa cha maseŵerowo koma chifukwa cha mavuto a  maganizo, kusamuchera bwino, kuvutika mumtima ndi zina zotero. . . . Ulamuliro wa [aphunzitsi] unali waukulu moti ankatha ngakhale kufufuza zinthu zamseri zokhudza moyo wa akatswiri a maseŵerowo ndipo anali kuloŵererapo akaona kuti n’kofunika kutero.”

Kodi nthaŵi zina mumatopa kapena kufooka chifukwa cha mavuto ndi mayesero osatha a dziko lino? Yehova monga mphunzitsi wanu, amakuganizirani kwambiri. (1 Petro 5:7) Amaona mofulumira ngati mukusonyeza chizindikiro chilichonse cha kufooka kapena kutopa mwauzimu. Ngakhale kuti Yehova amalemekeza ufulu wathu wosankha, amatithandiza kwambiri ndi kutiwongolera ngati pafunika kutero pofuna kuti tidzakhale ndi moyo wosatha. (Yesaya 30:21) Amachita bwanji zimenezo? Amatero kudzera m’Baibulo ndi m’zofalitsa zofotokoza Baibulo, mwa akulu auzimu mumpingo, ndi abale athu achikondi.

‘Kudziletsa pa Zonse’

Panafunikanso zina zambiri kuti munthu apambane osati kungokhala ndi mphunzitsi wabwino basi. Zambiri zinadalira katswiri wa maseŵeroyo ndi kudzipereka kwake kuphunzira mwakhama. Malamulo ake anali okhwima, chifukwa pophunzira anafunika kudziletsa kwambiri ndiponso kudya pang’ono. Horace, wolemba ndakatulo wa m’zaka 100 zoyambirira Nyengo Yathu Ino Isanafike, ananena kuti opikisana “anapeŵa akazi ndiponso vinyo” kuti “apeze zimene anali kuzifuna kwambiri.” Ndipo malinga ndi katswiri wa Baibulo wina, F. C. Cook, ochita maseŵerowo anafunika “kudziletsa kwambiri [ndiponso] kudya pang’ono . . . kwa miyezi khumi.”

Paulo anayerekezera zimenezi pamene analembera Akristu a mpingo wa ku Korinto, mzinda umene unkadziŵa bwino maseŵeroŵa popeza anali kuchitikira pafupi ndi mzindawu. Anati: “Aliyense wothamanga pampikisano wa liŵiro amadziletsa pazonse.” (1 Akorinto 9:25, Chipangano Chatsopano Cholembedwa M’Chicheŵa cha Makono) Akristu oona amapeŵa kukonda chuma, chiwerewere, ndi makhalidwe ena oipa a m’dzikoli. (Aefeso 5:3-5; 1 Yohane 2:15-17) Tifunikanso kuvula makhalidwe osagwirizana ndi Mulungu ndiponso Malemba ndi kuvala makhalidwe achikristu.​—Akolose 3:9, 10, 12.

Kodi munthu angachite bwanji zimenezi? Onani yankho la Paulo limene anafotokoza mwa fanizo lamphamvu posonyeza chimodzi mwa zimene munthu angachite. Anati: “Koma ndipumpuntha thupi langa, ndipo ndiliyesa kapolo; kuti, kapena ngakhale ndalalikira kwa ena, ndingakhale wotayika ndekha.”​—1 Akorinto 9:27.

Ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiritu imene Paulo anaifotokoza apa! Paulo sanali kunena kuti tizidzizunza. M’malo mwake, iye anavomereza kuti iyenso anali kulimbana ndi thupi lake. Nthaŵi zina, iye ankachita zinthu zimene sanafune kuzichita ndipo sankachita zinthu zimene anafuna kuchita. Koma anamenyera nkhondo kuti asalole kufooka kwake kumugonjetsa. ‘Anapumpuntha thupi lake,’ kugonjetsa mwamphamvu zilakolako ndi makhalidwe a thupi.​—Aroma 7:21-25.

Akristu onse afunika kuchita chimodzimodzi. Paulo anafotokoza za kusintha kwa anthu ena ku Korinto amene poyamba ankachita dama, kulambira mafano, kugonana amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, kuba, ndi zina zotero. N’chiyani chinawathandiza kuti asinthe? Mphamvu ya Mawu a Mulungu ndi ya mzimu woyera pamodzi ndi kutsimikiza mtima kwawo kutsatira mphamvuyo. Paulo anati: “Koma munasambitsidwa, koma munayeretsedwa, koma munayesedwa olungama, m’dzina la Ambuye Yesu Kristu, ndi mwa Mzimu wa Mulungu wathu.” (1 Akorinto 6:9-11) Petro analembanso chimodzimodzi za anthu ena amene anasiya makhalidwe  oipa oterowo. Monga Akristu, onse anasinthadi.​—1 Petro 4:3, 4.

Khama Labwino

Paulo anasonyeza kuti anali ndi cholinga chimodzi ndiponso anaika mtima pa kukwaniritsa zolinga zauzimu pamene ananena kuti: “Ndilimbana chotero, si monga ngati kupanda mlengalenga.” (1 Akorinto 9:26) Kodi wolimbana m’maseŵero a nkhonya akanalunjikitsa bwanji nkhonya zake? Buku lakuti The Life of the Greeks and Romans limayankha kuti: “Anafunika mphamvu zenizeni ndiponso anafunika kumaonetsetsa bwino kuti aone mbali zofooka za wolimbana nayeyo. Kumenya mwaluso kumene anali kuphunzira m’sukulu za nkhonya ndiponso kufulumira kugonjetsa wolimbana nayeyo zinali zofunikanso kwambiri.”

Thupi lathu lopanda ungwiroli ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zimene tikulimbana nazo. Kodi tikudziŵa ‘mbali zathu zofooka?’ Kodi timafunitsitsa kudziona monga mmene ena amationera, makamaka mmene Satana angationere? Zimenezo zimafuna kudzipenda moona mtima ndiponso kufunitsitsa kusintha. N’kosavuta kudzinyenga. (Yakobo 1:22) N’kosavutanso kulungamitsa zinthu zolakwika zimene tikuchita. (1 Samueli 15:13-15, 20, 21) Zimenezo zikufanana ndi “kupanda mlengalenga.”

M’masiku otsiriza ano, anthu amene angasangalatse Yehova ndi kupeza moyo sayenera kuzengereza posankha pakati pa chabwino ndi choipa ndiponso pakati pa mpingo wa Mulungu ndi dziko loipali. Ayenera kupeŵa kugwederagwedera, kukhala ‘a mitima iŵiri, osinkhasinkha pa njira zawo zonse.’ (Yakobo 1:8) Sayenera kuwononga mphamvu zawo pochita zinthu zopanda pake. Munthu akatsatira njira yosapita m’mbali ndiponso yoika maganizo pa chinthu chimodzi imeneyi, adzasangalala ndiponso ‘kupita kwake patsogolo kudzaonekera kwa onse.’​—1 Timoteo 4:15, NW.

Inde, mpikisano wachikristu ukupitirizabe. Yehova, Mphunzitsi wathu Wamkulu, amapereka mwachikondi malangizo ndi thandizo lofunika kuti tipirire ndipo mapeto ake tipambane. (Yesaya 48:17) Mofanana ndi akatswiri a maseŵero akale, tifunika kukhala odziletsa ndiponso kukhala ndi cholinga chimodzi pa nkhondo yathu yachikhulupiriro. Tidzapindula kwambiri ndi khama lathu labwino.​—Ahebri 11:6.

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‘Mudzozeni Mafuta’

Wodzoza ankachita mbali ina pophunzitsa akatswiri a maseŵera kalekale ku Girisi. Ntchito yake inali yodzoza mafuta anthu amene anali kufuna kuyeserera maseŵera. Ophunzitsa “anaona kuti kutikita minofu mwaluso asanayambe kuwaphunzitsa kunali kopindulitsa kwambiri. Ndiponso anaona kuti kutikita minofu pang’onopang’ono koma mosamala kunkathandiza wochita maseŵera amene anamaliza maphunziro a nthaŵi yaitali kuchepetsa kufooka ndiponso kuti apeze bwino,” linatero buku lakuti The Olympic Games in Ancient Greece.

Monga mmene kudzola mafuta enieni kungachepetsere ululu ndiponso kungachiritsire, kutsatira Mawu a Mulungu kungawongolere, kulimbikitsa ndiponso kuchiritsa “katswiri wa maseŵera” wachikristu amene watopa. N’chifukwa chake, motsogozedwa ndi Yehova, akulu mumpingo amalangizidwa kupempherera munthu woteroyo, mophiphiritsira ‘kum’dzoza ndi mafuta m’dzina la Ambuye,’ yomwe ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yom’thandizira kuti apeze bwino mwauzimu.​—Yakobo 5:13-15; Salmo 141:5.

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Akatha kupereka nsembe, akatswiri a maseŵero anali kulumbira kuti akhala akuphunzira kwa miyezi khumi

[Mawu a Chithunzi]

Musée du Louvre, Paris

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Copyright British Museum