Kodi “Mulungu Woona Yekha” Ndi Ndani?

YESU nthawi zambiri ankapemphera kwa Mulungu, amene ankamutcha Atate, ndipo anaphunzitsanso anthu ena kuchita chimodzimodzi. (Mateyu 6:9-11; Luka 11:1, 2) Akupemphera limodzi ndi atumwi ake, patangotsala maola ochepa kuti aphedwe, Yesu anapemphera kuti: ‘Atate, yafika nthawi; lemekezani Mwana wanu, kuti Mwana wanu akulemekezeni Inu; koma moyo wosatha ndi uwu, kuti akadziwe Inu Mulungu woona yekha, ndi Yesu Kristu amene munam’tuma.’—Yohane 17:1, 3.

Onani kuti Yesu anapemphera kwa amene anamutcha “Mulungu woona yekha.” Iye anasonyeza kuti Mulungu ndi wamkulu kuposa iye pamene anapitiriza kunena kuti: “Ndipo tsopano, Atate, mundibwezeretse pa ulemerero pambali panu, ulemerero umene ndinali nawo pambali panu dziko lisanakhale.” (Yohane 17:5, NW) Popeza Yesu anapemphera kwa Mulungu kumupempha kuti akhale pambali pa Mulungu, kodi zikanatheka bwanji kuti Yesu panthawi yomweyomweyo akhale “Mulungu woona yekha”? Tiyeni tiione bwino nkhani imeneyi.

Udindo wa Yesu Kumwamba

Patangotha maola ochepa Yesu atapemphera chonchi, anaphedwa. Koma sanakhale wakufa kwa nthawi yaitali. Anakhala wakufa kuchokera Lachisanu masana kufika Lamlungu m’mawa basi. (Mateyu 27:57–28:6) Mtumwi Petro analemba kuti: “Yesu ameneyo, Mulungu anamuukitsa; za ichi tili mboni ife tonse.” (Machitidwe 2:31, 32) Kodi n’kutheka kuti Yesu anadziukitsa yekha? Ayi, chifukwa Baibulo limati, “akufa sadziwa kanthu bi.” (Mlaliki 9:5) “Mulungu woona yekha,” Atate ake a Yesu akumwamba, anaukitsa Mwana wawo.—Machitidwe 2:32; 10:40.

Patatha nthawi yochepa kuchokera pamenepa, wophunzira wa Yesu Stefano anaphedwa ndi ozunza anthu achipembedzo. Atatsala pang’ono kumuponya miyala, Stefano anaonetsedwa masomphenya. Iye anati: ‘Taonani, ndipenya m’mwamba motseguka, ndi Mwana wa munthu alikuimirira pa dzanja lamanja la Mulungu.’ (Machitidwe 7:56) Choncho Stefano anaona Yesu, “Mwana wa munthu” ali ndi udindo wothandiza Mulungu, “pa dzanja lamanja la Mulungu” ngati mmene analili ‘pambali pa Mulungu’ asanabwere padziko lapansi.—Yohane 17:5.

Kenaka, Stefano ataphedwa, Yesu anaonekera mozizwitsa kwa Saulo, amene amadziwika kwambiri ndi dzina lake lachiroma lakuti Paulo. (Machitidwe 9:3-6) Paulo ali ku Atene, ku Girisi, analankhula za “Mulungu amene analenga dziko lapansi ndi zonse zili momwemo.” Iye anati Mulungu ameneyu, “Mulungu woona yekha,” ‘adzaweruza dziko lokhalamo anthu m’chilungamo, ndi munthu amene anamuikiratu; napatsa anthu onse chitsimikizo, pamene anamuukitsa iye kwa akufa.’ (Machitidwe 17:24, 31) Panopa mtumwi Paulo anati Yesu ndi “munthu,” kutanthauza kuti ndi wotsikirapo kwa Mulungu, ndipo Mulungu anamuukitsa kuti akakhale kumwamba.

Mtumwi Yohane ananenanso kuti Yesu ndi wotsikirapo kwa Mulungu. Yohane anati analemba uthenga wake wabwino kuti anthu owerenga akhulupirire kuti ‘Yesu ndiye Kristu Mwana wa Mulungu,’ osati kuti ndiye Mulungu. (Yohane 20:31) Yohane anaonanso masomphenya ochokera kumwamba ndipo anaona “Mwanawankhosa,”  amene mu uthenga wake wabwino anamutcha kuti Yesu. (Yohane 1:29) Mwanawankhosayo akuimirira limodzi ndi anthu ena okwana 144,000, amene Yohane anati ndi “ogulidwa [kapena kuti kuukitsidwa] kuchokera kudziko.” Yohane anafotokoza kuti anthu 144,000 amenewa ali ndi ‘dzina [la Mwanawankhosa] ndi dzina la Atate wake lolembedwa pamphumi pawo.’—Chivumbulutso 14:1, 3.

Kodi n’kutheka kuti “Mwanawankhosa” ndiponso “Atate ake” akhale munthu mmodzi? Mwachionekere ayi. M’Baibulo amenewa ndi anthu awiri osiyana. Ngakhale mayina awo ndi osiyana.

Dzina la Mwanawankhosa Ndiponso la Atate

Monga momwe taonera, dzina la Mwana wa Mulungu, Mwanawankhosa, ndi Yesu. (Luka 1:30-32) Koma, kodi dzina la Atate ake ndi ndani? Limapezeka m’Baibulo nthawi masauzande ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, lemba la Salmo 83:18 limati: “Inu nokha, dzina lanu ndinu Yehova, Ndinu Wam’mwambamwamba pa dziko lonse lapansi.” Koma n’zomvetsa chisoni kuti dzina la Mulungu, Yehova, analichotsa m’mabaibulo ambiri ndipo m’malo mwake anaikamo mawu akuti “Ambuye” ndi “Mulungu.” Komabe, m’mabaibulo ambiri abwezeretsa dzina la Mulungu pa malo ake oyenera.

Baibulo lachingelezi la American Standard Version (1901) ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha Baibulo lomwe labwezeretsa dzina la Mulungu, Yehova, pamalo ake oyenera. Mawu ake oyamba amati: “Anthu amene anakonzanso Baibulo la American Standard Version ataganiza mosamala, anagwirizana kuti mwambo wachiyuda, umene unkanena kuti dzina la Mulungu ndi lopatulika kwambiri moti siliyenera kutchulidwa, suyenera kutsatiridwabe m’Baibulo lachingelezili, kapena m’mabaibulo ena alionse a Chipangano Chakale. Koma n’zosangalatsa kuti mwambo umenewu sunatsatiridwe m’mabaibulo ambiri amene anamasuliridwa ndi amishonale amakono.” *

Kodi Chiphunzitso cha Utatu Chinachokera Kuti?

Nanga bwanji zoti Yehova ndi Yesu kwenikweni ndi Mulungu mmodzi, monga momwe chimanenera chiphunzitso cha Utatu? Magazini yachipembedzo inayake (The Living Pulpit) ya m’mwezi wa April mpaka June 1999, inamasulira Utatu motere: “Pali Mulungu mmodzi ndi Atate, Ambuye mmodzi Yesu Kristu, ndi Mzimu Woyera mmodzi, ‘anthu’ atatu . . . amene kwenikweni ali munthu mmodzi . . . ; anthu atatu amene ali Mulungu mofanana, okhala ndi chikhalidwe chofanana, koma ndi osiyana, odziwika ndi makhalidwe awoawo.” *

Kodi chiphunzitso cha Utatu chovuta kumvachi chinachokera kuti? Magazini inayake yachipembedzo (Christian Century), ya pa May 20-27, 1998, inalemba mawu a mbusa winawake amene anavomereza kuti Utatu ndi “chiphunzitso cha tchalitchi osati cha Yesu.” Ngakhale kuti chiphunzitso cha Utatu si chiphunzitso cha Yesu, kodi chimagwirizana ndi zimene iye anaphunzitsa?

Atate Ndi Wamkulu Kuposa Mwana

Yesu anaphunzitsa ophunzira ake kuti azipemphera chonchi: “Atate wathu wa Kumwamba, Dzina lanu liyeretsedwe.” Atate wathu wa kumwamba, amene dzina lake ndi Yehova, amafotokozedwa m’Baibulo kuti ndi wamkulu kuposa Mwana wake. Mwachitsanzo, Yehova wakhalako “kuyambira nthawi yosayamba kufikira nthawi yosatha.” Koma Baibulo limati Yesu ndi “wobadwa woyamba wa chilengedwe chonse.” Yesu mwiniwakeyo anaphunzitsa zoti Yehova ndi wamkulu kwa iye, pamene anati: “Atate ali wamkulu ndi Ine.” (Mateyu 6:9; Salmo 90:1, 2; Akolose 1:15; Yohane 14:28) Koma chiphunzitso cha Utatu chimati Atate ndiponso Mwana ndi “Mulungu mofanana.”

Mfundo yoti Atate ndi wamkulu kuposa Mwana, ndiponso yoti Atate ndi munthu wosiyana ndi Mwana, imaonekeranso m’mapemphero a Yesu, monga lomwe anapemphera asanaphedwe. Iye anati: ‘Atate, mukafuna Inu, chotsani chikho ichi [kutanthauza imfa yochititsa manyanzi] pa Ine; koma si kufuna kwanga ayi, komatu kwanu kuchitike.’ (Luka 22:42) Ngati Mulungu ndi Yesu “kwenikweni ali munthu mmodzi,” monga momwe chiphunzitso cha Utatu chimanenera, kodi kufuna kwa Yesu kukanakhala bwanji kosiyana ndi kwa Atate ake?—Ahebri 5:7, 8; 9:24.

 Kuwonjezera apo, ngati Yehova ndi Yesu ali munthu mmodzi, kodi zingatheke bwanji kuti mmodzi wa iwo adziwe zinthu zimene winayo sakudziwa? Mwachitsanzo, ponena za nthawi imene dzikoli lidzaweruzidwe, Yesu anati: ‘Koma za tsiku ilo, kapena nthawi yake sadziwa munthu, angakhale angelo m’Mwamba, angakhale Mwana, koma Atate ndiye.’—Marko 13:32.

Zimene Tchalitchi Chimaphunzitsa Pankhani ya Utatu

Utatu si chiphunzitso cha Yesu kapena cha Akristu oyambirira. Monga momwe tasonyezera kale, ndi “chiphunzitso cha tchalitchi.” Pa nkhani ya Utatu, magazini tinaitchula kale ija (The Living Pulpit) ya mu 1999, inati: “Nthawi zina zimakhala ngati aliyense amangoganiza kuti chiphunzitso cha utatu ndi chiphunzitso chachikristu,” koma inawonjezera kuti chiphunzitso chimenechi “sichinachokere m’Baibulo.”

Buku linalake lachikatolika (New Catholic Encyclopedia [1967]) linafotokoza zambiri za Utatu ndipo linavomereza kuti: “Tikaonetsetsa mfundo zonse tingathe kuona kuti chiphunzitso cha Utatu chinayambika kumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 300. . . . Zoti ‘Mulungu mmodzi mwa Anthu atatu’ zinali zisanakhazikike kwenikweni, ndipo zinali zisanalowe kwenikweni m’moyo wachikristu ndi m’zikhulupiriro za anthu mapeto a zaka za m’ma 300 asanafike.”

Martin Werner, pulofesa wa pa yunivesite ya Bern, ku Switzerland, anati: “Paliponse m’Chipangano Chatsopano pamene akufotokoza za Yesu pomuyerekezera ndi Mulungu, Atate, kaya akunena za kukhala kwake munthu kapena zoti Yesu ndi Mesiya, aliyense amamvetsa ndipo zimachita kuonekeratu kuti Yesu ndi wotsikirapo pomuyerekezera ndi Mulungu.” Mwachionekere, zimene Yesu ndi Akristu oyambirira ankakhulupirira n’zosiyana kwambiri ndi chiphunzitso cha Utatu chimene matchalitchi amaphunzitsa masiku ano. Choncho kodi chiphunzitso chimenechi chinachokera kuti?

Kumene Utatu Unayambira

Baibulo limafotokoza za milungu yaimuna ndi yaikazi yambirimbiri imene anthu ankalambira, kuphatikizapo Asitaroti, Milikomu, Kemosi, ndi Moleki. (1 Mafumu 11:1, 2, 5, 7) Ngakhale mu mtundu wakale wa Israyeli, anthu ambiri panthawi inayake ankakhulupirira kuti Baala ndiye Mulungu woona. Choncho mneneri wa Yehova, Eliya anawauza kuti asankhe chochita pamene anati: “Ngati Yehova ndiye Mulungu, m’tsateni iye; ngati Baala, mum’tsate iyeyo.”—1 Mafumu 18:21.

Kulambira milungu yonyenga yokhala m’magulu a milungu itatuitatu kunalinso kofala Yesu asanabadwe. Wolemba mbiri wina dzina lake Will Durant anati: “Ku Igupto n’kumene kunayambira zopembedza milungu itatuitatu.” M’buku linalake lofotokoza zachipembedzo ndi chikhalidwe, (Encyclopædia of Religion and Ethics) James Hastings anafotokoza kuti: “M’zipembedzo za ku India mwachitsanzo, timapezamo gulu la milungu itatu ya Brahmā, Siva, ndi Viṣṇu; ndipo m’zipembedzo za ku Igupto timapezamo gulu la milungu itatu ya Osiris, Isis, ndi Horus.”

Choncho, pali milungu yambiri. Kodi Akristu oyambirira ankavomereza mfundo imeneyi? Ndipo kodi ankamuona Yesu ngati Mulungu Wamphamvuyonse?

[Mawu a M’munsi]

[Chithunzi patsamba 19]

KU IGUPTO

Gulu la milungu itatu ya Horus, Osiris, ndi Isis, zaka zopitirira 3,000 zapitazo

[Chithunzi patsamba 19]

KU PALMYRA, KU SYRIA

Gulu la milungu itatu ya mulungu mwezi, Ambuye a Kumwamba, ndi mulungu dzuwa, pafupifupi zaka 100 zoyambirira Yesu Atabadwa

[Chithunzi patsamba 19]

KU INDIA

Mulungu wachihindu wokhala ndi mitu itatu, pafupifupi zaka za m’ma 600 C.E.

[Chithunzi patsamba 19]

KU NORWAY

Utatu (Atate, Mwana ndi Mzimu Woyera), pafupifupi zaka za m’ma 1200 C.E.

[Mawu a Chithunzi patsamba 19]

Top two photos: Musée du Louvre, Paris