Kodi Moyo Ukutsikiratsikira Mtengo?

“Ili ndi dziko mmene moyo uli wotsika mtengo. Imfa ingagulidwe ndi mapaundi [ndalama za ku Britain] mazana angapo chabe ndiponso anthu ofuna kugwira ntchitoyi alipo ambirimbiri.”—Nyuzipepala ya The Scotsman.

Mu April 1999, pachiŵembu chomwe chinadabwitsa dziko lonse, anyamata aang’ono aŵiri anagwedeza sukulu yonse yasekondale yotchedwa Columbine High School ku Littleton, Colorado, U.S.A., mwa kupha anthu okwana 15. Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti mmodzi mwa anyamatawo anali ndi Webu ya pa Intaneti imene iye analembapo kuti: “ANTHU AKUFA SALANKHULA KANTHU!” Anyamata aŵiri onsewo anafa pa chiwembucho.

KUPHANA kuli padziko lonse, ndipo anthu miyandamiyanda amafa pazipolowe tsiku lililonse. Dziko la South Africa ndilo linatsogola padziko lonse mu 1995 pa chiŵerengero cha kuphana chomwe chinali anthu 75 mwa anthu 100,000 alionse m’dzikolo. Moyo n’ngwotsika mtengo kwambiri m’dziko lina la ku South America kumene anthu oposa 6,000 anaphedwa pazifukwa zandale mu 1997. Njira yophera anthu yochita kulembera aganyu siyachilendo konse. Ponena za dzikolo, lipoti lina linati: “N’zachisoni kuti kuphedwa kwa ana kwawonjezereka kwambiri: Mu 1996, ana okwana 4,322 anaphedwa, chimene chili chiwonjezeko cha 40 peresenti m’zaka ziŵiri zokha.” Komabe, ngakhale ana nawonso akumapha ana anzawo ndi makolo awo omwe. Ndithudi moyo watsika mtengo.

Kodi “Chikhalidwe cha Imfa” Chadza Motani?

Kodi zochitika zimenezi ndiponso ziŵerengerozi zikusonyeza chiyani? Inde, zikusonyeza kuwonjezereka kwa kusalemekeza moyo. Chifukwa chokonda ulamuliro ndiponso ndalama anthu amapha munthu mopanda chisoni. Akuluakulu pazamankhwala osokoneza bongo amalamula kupha mabanja athunthu. Iwo amalungamitsa kupha kwawoko mwa kugwiritsa ntchito mawu monga akuti “kutsitsitiza” “kufafaniza” “kuseseratu” kapena “kutsiriziratu” anthu amene amawaphawo. Kuyeretsa fuko mwa kupha mtundu  wonse wa anthu kwawonjezera vutoli ndipo kwachititsa moyo wa munthu kukhala wotsika mtengo. N’chifukwa chake kupha kwakhala nkhani wamba ya tsiku ndi tsiku pankhani za pa TV padziko lonse.

Kuwonjezera chiwawa pazochitikazi ndi kulemaza anthu mwadala zomwe amazitamandira pa wailesi yakanema ndi m’mafilimu, zikuoneka ngati kuti chikhalidwe chonse cha mtundu wa anthu chazikika pa imfa. Pachifukwa chimenechi Encyclopa̗dia Britannica imati: “M’theka lomaliza la zaka za m’ma 1900, imfa yakhala nkhani yotchuka modabwitsa. Mwinamwake zodabwitsa kwambiri n’zakuti, isanafike nthaŵi imeneyi, imfa inali nkhani yoopsa kwambiri, ndipo anthu sanali kuitchulatchula.” Malinga ndi zomwe pulofesa wina wa ku Catalonia dzina lake Josep Fericgla ananena, “imfa yakhala yosaopsa kuitchula m’mayiko athu, chotero, imfa masiku ano ndiyo nkhani yofunika koposa yosonkhezera maganizo.”

Mwinamwake, mbali yoonekera kwambiri ya “chikhalidwa cha imfa” chimenechi ndiyo chikhulupiriro chofala chakuti ulamuliro, mphamvu, ndalama, ndiponso zosangalatsa ndizo zofunika kwambiri kuposa moyo wa munthu ndi makhalidwe abwino.

Kodi “chikhalidwe cha imfa” chimenechi chimafala bwanji? Kodi makolo angachitenji kuti athane ndi maganizo oipa owazingawa kuti asakhudze ana awo? Ameneŵa ndi ena mwa mafunso amene adzayankhidwa m’nkhani zotsatira.

[Chithunzi patsamba 4]

Kodi Moyo Amagula Ndalama Zingati?

▪ “Achinyamata ang’onoang’ono m’magulu azigaŵenga [ku Mumbai, India] amafuna ndalama kwambiri, moti amatha kupha munthu mwa kuŵalipira ndalama zokwana malupi 5,000 okha [madola 115].”—Nyuzipepala ya Far Eastern Economic Review.

▪ “Munthu wina Anapha Munthu Wongodutsa Amene Anam’mana Ndudu ya Fodya.”—Mutu wa nkhani m’nyuzipepala yotchedwa La Tercera, ku Santiago, Chile.

▪ “Kulemba munthu ntchito yopha munthu kunkangofuna ndalama zokwana pafupifupi madola 7000 ku Russia [mu 1995] . . . Kupha anthu mwa kulipidwa ndalama kwapita patsogolo kwambiri m’mayiko otukuka amene anatsatira chikumyunizimu cha Russia.”—Malinga ndi zomwe ananena a Reuters m’nyuzipepala ya Moscow News.

▪ “Munthu wina wogula ndi kugulitsa chuma cha anthu ku Brooklyn anamangidwa . . . ndipo anapezeka ndi mlandu wa kulipira mnyamata wina ndalama zokwana madola 1,500 kuti akaphe mkazi wake yemwe anali ndi pakati komanso amayi ake a mkaziyo.”—Nyuzipepala ya New York Times.

▪ ‘Mtengo wa kupha munthu ku England ukutsika. . . . Mitengo ya kupha munthu kochita kukonza yatsika kuchoka pa mapaundi 30,000 m’zaka zisanu zapitazo kufika pakati pa mtengo wozizira wa mapaundi 5,000 ndi mapaundi 10,000.’—Nyuzipepala ya The Guardian.

▪ ‘Zigaŵenga zotchedwa Vicious Balkan Gangs n’zoopsa, moti gulu la zigaŵenga lotchedwa a Mafia silionedwanso kukhala loopsa. Umenewu ndi mtundu watsopano wa zigandanga, uli ndi malamulo atsopano ndiponso zida zamakono. Iwo ali ndi mabomba komanso mfuti zoopsa zotchedwa machine gun ndipo sazengereza kuzigwiritsa ntchito.’—Nyuzipepala ya The Guardian Weekly.