Bible wa “Septante” mmuambuluishe kale ne lelu

MUNTU mukuabu wa lumu lua bungi uvua ufumina mu Yelushalema mutangile kuabu ku Atiopa. Pavuaye munkatshi mua luendu mu njila wa mu tshipela, uvua wenda ubala muvungu wa mêyi a Nzambi ne dîyi dikole musombe mu dikalu diende. Diumvuija dia mêyi avuaye ubala au diakalenga mutshima wende bikole, ke nsombelu wende kushintuluka kubangila anu pinapu. (Bienzedi 8:26-38) Muntu eu uvua wenda ubala Yeshaya 53:7, 8 mu Bible wa nzanzanza wakakudimunabu (mu tshiena-Gelika): Bible wa Septante. Mukanda eu mmuambuluishe bikole bua kumuangalaja  mukenji wa mu Bible munkatshi mua nkama ya bidimu, ke padibu bafike too ne ku diubikila ne: Bible mukudimuna wakashintulula bukua-bantu.

Ndîba kayi ne mmu nsombelu kayi muakakudimunabu Bible wa Septante? Bua tshinyi bantu bavua dijinga ne Bible eu? Mmunyi mudiyi muambuluishe munkatshi mua bidimu bivule? Ntshinyi tshidi Bible wa Septante mua kutulongesha lelu’eu?

Bakamukudimuna bua bena Yuda bavua bakula tshiena-Gelika

Mu tshidimu tshia 332 K.B.B., pavua Aleksandre Munene mutshimune Ejipitu kunyima kua yeye mumane kubutula tshimenga tshia mu Foinike, tshia mu Tulo, bantu bakamuakidila bamuamba ne: musungidi. Wakasamu tshimenga tshia Alesandelia, ne muaba eu uvua muaba wa kupetela mamanya mu tshikondo tshia kale. Bu muvua Aleksandre musue bua kumuangalaja bilele ne malu a bena Gelika mu matunga akavuaye mutshimune, wakabueja tshiena-Gelika tshivua bantu bonso bakula (anyi Koine) mu miaba yonso ivua ku bukokeshi buende.

Mu lukama lua bidimu luisatu kumpala kua bikondo bietu ebi, bena Yuda ba bungi bakalua mu tshimenga tshia Alesandelia. Bena Yuda bavule bavua basombele mu miaba ya bungi ivua ku bukokeshi buende (nkolonyi) ivua mitangalake pambelu pa Palestine kunyima kua bupika bua mu Babulona, bakalua kusombela mu Alesandelia. Bena Yuda aba bavua bamanye tshiena-Ebelu bimpe anyi? Tshibungu tshia McClintock ne Strong tshidi tshiamba ne: “Mbimanyike bimpe ne: panyima pa dipatuka dia bena Yuda mu bupika mu Babulona, bamane kujimija malu a bungi a tshiena-Ebelu tshia kale, bavua babumvuija malu a mu mikanda ya Mose avuabu babala mu nsunagoga mu muakulu wa bena Kasada . . . Bena Yuda ba mu Alesandelia batshivua pamu’apa bamanye tshiena-Ebelu kakese; muakulu uvuabu bamanye bimpe uvua wa tshiena-Gelika tshia mu Alesandelia.” (Cyclopedia) Bidi bimueneka ne: mu Alesandelia muvua nsombelu mukumbane uvua mua kuambuluisha bua kukudimuna Mifundu ya tshiena-Ebelu mu tshiena-Gelika.

Alistobulo, muena Yuda wa mu lukama lua bidimu luibidi, kumpala kua bikondo bietu ebi, wakafunda ne: bakakudimuna mikenji ya mu tshiena-Ebelu mu tshiena-Gelika ne kuyijikijabu mu bukokeshi bua Ptolémée Philadelphe (285-246 K.B.B.). Kudi mumvuija mashilangane pa bidi bitangila tshivua Alistobulo ubikila ne: “mikenji.” Bamue badi bela meji ne: uvua wakula patupu bua Pantateke, eku bakuabu bamba ne: uvua mua kuikala wakula bua Mifundu yonso ya tshiena-Ebelu.

Nansha nanku, badi balonda ne: bashikuluji bena Yuda batue ku 72 bakenza mudimu wa difunda Bible au wa kumpala wa mu tshiena-Ebelu wakakudimunabu mu tshiena-Gelika. Pashishe, bakabanga kuakula bua tshishiferi tshia 70. Ke bualu kayi bakabikila Bible au uvuabu bakudimune ne: Septante, mmuomumue ne: “70,” ne bavua bafunda dîna diende nunku: LXX, mushindu udi bena Lomo bafunda tshishiferi tshia 70. Pabuipi ne ku ndekelu kua lukama luibidi lua bidimu, kumpala kua bikondo bietu ebi, bantu bakavua babala mikanda yonso ya mu Mifundu ya tshiena-Ebelu mu tshiena-Gelika. Nunku, bakalua kubikila Mifundu yonso ya tshiena-Ebelu ivuabu bakudimune mu tshiena-Gelika ne: Septante.

Uvua ne mushinga mu bidimu lukama bia kumpala

Bible wa Septante ke uvuabu batamba kubala kudi bena Yuda bavua bakula tshiena-Gelika kumpala ne mu tshikondo tshia Yezu Kristo ne bapostolo bende. Ba bungi ba munkatshi mua bena Yuda ne benyi bavua bitabuje bakadisangisha mu Yelushalema dituku dia Pentekoste wa mu 33 B.B., bavua bafumine mu distrike dia Asia, Ejipitu, Libue, Lomo ne mu Kulete, miaba ivuabu bakula tshiena-Gelika. Kakuena mpata bua se: bavua ne tshibidilu tshia kubala Bible wa Septante. (Bienzedi 2:9-11) Nunku, Bible eu wakambuluisha bikole bua kutangalaja lumu luimpe mu bidimu lukama bia kumpala.

Tshilejilu, pavua muyidi Stefano uyikila ne bantu bavua bafumine mu Kulene, mu Alesandelia, Kilikia, wakabambila ne: ‘Yosefe wakatuma dîyi, wakabikila tatu wende Yakoba ne bena kuabu bonso, bakadi bantu makumi muanda-mutekete ne batanu.’ (Bienzedi 6:8-10; 7:12-14) Mifundu ya tshiena-Ebelu idi ileja mu Genese nshapita wa 46 ne: bungi bua bana babu ne Yosefe buvua bua bantu makumi muanda mutekete. Kadi mu Bible wa Septante badi bamba ne: bavua makumi muanda-muteke ne batanu. Bidi bimueneka ne: Stefano wakatela mêyi a mu Bible wa Septante.​—Genese 46:20, 26, 27.

 Pakapitshila mupostolo Paulo mu Asia Mukese ne mu Gelika [Grèce] mujima mu luendu luende luibidi ne luisatu lua bu-misionere, wakayisha bantu ba bungi ba bisamba bia bende bavua batshina Nzambi ne “bena Gelika bakadi [batendelela] Nzambi.” (Bienzedi 13:16, 26; 17:4) Bantu aba bakafika ku ditshina Nzambi anyi ku dimutendelela bualu bavua bapete ndambu wa dimanya dia malu ende ku diambuluisha dia Bible wa Septante. Pavua Paulo uyisha bantu aba bavua bakula tshiena-Gelika, uvua misangu ya bungi utela mêyi a Bible eu.​—Genese 22:18; Galatia 3:8.

Mifundu ya tshiena-Gelika ya bena Kristo idi itela buludi mêyi a mu Mifundu ya tshiena-Ebelu misangu mitue bu ku 320 ne bungi busanga bua miaba yonso idiyi ne mêyi mangatshila mu Mifundu ya tshiena-Ebelu budi pamuapa bua 890. A bungi a ku mêyi aa mmangatshila mu Bible wa Septante. Nunku, mêyi akangatabu mu Bible eu (ki mmu mikanda mifunda ku bianza ya mu tshiena-Ebelu) akenza Mifundu ya tshiena-Gelika ya bena Kristo mifundisha ku nyuma wa Nzambi. Ebu buvua bualu bua mushinga mukole be! Yezu ukavua mumanyishe ne: bavua ne bua kuyisha lumu luimpe lua Bukalenge mu buloba bujima. (Matayo 24:14) Bua kukumbaja mudimu eu, Yehowa uvua ne bua kuanyisha bua bakudimune Dîyi diende difundisha ku nyuma muimpe mu miakulu ya bungi idibu babala kudi bantu pa buloba bujima.

Udi wambuluisha lelu

Bible wa Septante utshidi ne mushinga too ne lelu’eu, ne udi wambuluisha bua kusokolola bilema bivua batentudi mua kuikala babueje mu mifundu ya tshiena-Ebelu yakaluabu kutentula pashishe. Tshilejilu, muyuki udi mu Genese 4:8 udi wamba ne: ‘Kana wakambila Ebele muakunyende [ne: tuye mu budimi]. Pashishe pakadibu mu budimi, kana wakabika kumpala kua Ebele muakunyende, wakamushipa.’

Mêyi adi mu tuboko a se: “tuye mu budimi” kaena mu mikanda mifunda ku bianza ya tshiena-Ebelu ya kubangila mu lukama lua bidimu lua dikumi, bikondo bietu ebi to. Kadi, adi mu mifundu ya kale ya Bible wa Septante ne mu mikanda mikuabu mikese ya kale. Mu Mifundu ya tshiena-Ebelu mifunda ku bianza mudi muaku utubu batuadija kuakula nawu pa tshibidilu, kadi muaba eu kakuena mêyi adi alonda adi Kana muambe to. Ntshinyi tshivua mua kuikala tshienzeke? Mu Genese 4:8 mudi biambilu bibidi bilondangane bidi bijika ne mêyi a se: “mu budimi.” Tshibungu tshia McClintock ne Strong tshidi tshiamba ne: “Dîsu dia mutentudi wa tshiena-Ebelu divua pamu’apa dishima kudi muaku [umue umue eu] . . . uvua ku ndekelu kua biambilu bionso bibidi.” (Cyclopedia) Ke bualu kayi mutentudi uvua mua kuikala mutumpike muaba wa kumpala uvua mêyi a se: “tuye mu budimi.” Bushuwa, Bible wa Septante ne mifundu mikuabu ya kale mifunda ku bianza itshidiku bidi mua kuambuluisha bua kuangula bilema bidi mu mikanda ya tshiena-Ebelu yakaluabu kutentula kunyima.

Kadi Bible ya Septante idibu batentulule idi mua kuikala payi ne bilema, ne imue misangu batu batangila mu mifundu ya mu tshiena-Ebelu bua kulongolola bilema bidi mu mifundu ya tshiena-Gelika. Nunku, patudi tufuanyikija mikanda mifunda ku bianza ya tshiena-Ebelu ne ya tshiena-Gelika ne Bible idibu bakudimune mu miakulu mikuabu, tudi tupeta bilema bia bakudimunyi ne bia batentudi, ne bualu ebu budi butujadikila mushindu muimpe udibu bakudimune Dîyi dia Nzambi.

Mikanda mijima idibu batentule ya Septante idiku too ne lelu nya katshia mu lukama lua bidimu luinayi, bikondo bietu ebi. Mikanda mifunda ku bianza eyi ne mikanda yakaluabu kutentulula pashishe kayena ne dîna dia Nzambi dia Yehowa, difunda mu tshiena-Ebelu ne maleta anayi anyi Tetragrame (YHWH) to. Mu mikanda eyi mbapingaje miaku ya tshiena-Gelika bu mudi “Nzambi” ne “Mukalenge” muaba wonso uvua Tetragrame mu mifundu ya mu tshiena-Ebelu. Kadi, bintu biakangulabu mu Palestine kukadi bidimu bitue ku 50 biakatokesha tshilumbu etshi. Bantu tshisumbu bavua benda bakebulula bintu mu mbuebue pabuipi ne ku Ouest kua muelelu wa Mbuu Mufue bakangula bipese bia muvungu (wa tshiseba tshia nyama) wa baprofete 12 (kubangila ku Hoshea too ne ku Malaki) mufunda mu tshiena-Gelika. Muvungu eu ngua pankatshi pa tshidimu tshia 50 K.B.B. ne tshia 50 B.B. Mu bipese bia muvungu eu, kabavua bapingaje muaku “Nzambi” anyi “Mukalenge” pa muaba wa Tetragrame to. Mushindu’eu ke wakajadikabu difunda dia dîna dia Nzambi mu Bible wa Septante wa kumpala.

Mu tshidimu tshia 1971, bakapatula mukanda uvua ne mêyi a mu bitupa bia muvungu wa kale wa papirise (Papirise wa Fouad wa 266). Ntshinyi tshivua  bitupa ebi bia Bible wa Septante (bia mu lukama lua bidimu luibidi anyi lua kumpala K.B.B.) bileje? Bavua balamemu kabidi dîna dia Nzambi. Bitupa ebi bia Septante bia ku ntuadijilu bidi bifila tshijadiki tshikole tshia se: Yezu ne bayidi bende ba mu bidimu lukama bia kumpala bavua bamanye dîna dia Nzambi ne bavua baditela.

Lelu’eu, Bible ke mukanda udibu batambe kukudimuna pa buloba bujima. Bantu bapite pa 90 pa lukama badi mua kumubala mu miakulu yabu. Tudi ne dianyisha dia bungi bua Bible udi mukudimuna bimpe mu ngakuilu wa lelu: Les Saintes Écritures​—Traduction du monde nouveau, udiku mpindieu mu kabujima anyi tshitupa mu miakulu mipite pa 40. Mu Bible wa La Traduction du monde nouveau​—avec notes et références mudi mumvuija nkama ne nkama kuinshi kua mabeji adi atuma mubadi mu Bible wa Septante ne mu mikanda mikuabu ya kale ivuabu bafunde ku bianza. Bushuwa, Bible wa Septante udi utungunuka ne kusankisha ne kuikala ne mushinga kudi balongi ba Bible mu matuku etu aa.

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 26]

Muyidi Filipo wakumvuija tshitupa tshia mukanda wa Nzambi tshivuabu babadile mu Bible wa “Septante”

[Bimfuanyi mu dibeji 29]

Mupostolo Paulo uvua utela mêyi a mu Bible wa “Septante” pa tshibidilu