Lekewɔnu Siwo Wozã Le Biblia Ŋlɔɣiwo
Lekewɔnu siwo ŋu dɔ nyɔnu siwo nɔ anyi le Biblia ŋlɔɣiwo dometɔ aɖewo wɔ la lɔ esiwo wozãna na ŋku, mo kple ŋuti la ɖe eme
Esi nyɔnua le tsi vɔ la, esi ami ʋeʋĩ ɖe eƒe ŋutigbalẽ si bɔbɔ la ŋu. Eyome eʋu aɖaka aɖe si woɖo atsyɔ̃ na si me atukpa viwo kple nugoe siwo wotsɔ ahuhɔ̃e, nyiɖu, ƒumebɔbɔgoe, alo kpe wɔ la le. Ami kple tsimi vovovo siwo ʋẽna lilili siwo wotsɔ balsam, kardamom, sinamɔn, kotoklobo, anyitsi, mire kple nu bubuwo wɔ la le wo me.
Nyɔnua ɖe gatsiwo, gagbɛwo, kple nugoe vovovo siwo wowɔ atsyãtɔe la le aɖakaa me. Etsaka lekewɔnu siwo wòazã le ŋkekea me la le wo me. Enɔ ahuhɔ̃e si wotsɔ gadzẽ wɔ la me kpɔm hede asi lekewɔwɔ me na eɖokui dzigbɔɖitɔe.
EDZE abe tso keke blema kee nyɔnuwo dina vevie be yewoawɔ leke na yewo ɖokuiwo ene. Yɔdodzinutatawo kple gliŋunutatawo ɖee fia be lekewɔnuwo zazã bɔ le blema Mesopotamia kple Egipte. Ale si woɖoa tù ɖe ŋku zã, si nana ŋkua dzena lɔbɔe abe yevuzi ene, abe ale si wòdzena le Egipte nyɔnuwo ƒe nɔnɔmetatawo me la nye nu si wɔwɔ doa dzidzɔ na amewo ɣemaɣi.
Ke aleke wònɔ le Israel viwo hã gome? Ðe blema Israel nyɔnuwo hã zã lekewɔnuwoa? Ne wozãe la, ke ka ƒomeviwoe? Ele eme be yɔdodzinutata alo gliŋunutata aɖeke meli tso blema Israel si dzi míahe susu ayii ya o. Gake Biblia me nuŋlɔɖiwo kple nu siwo ŋu tomenukulawo ke ɖo le du siwo ŋu Biblia ƒo nu tsoe me la na míenya nanewo tso lekewɔnu siwo wozã le Biblia ŋlɔɣiwo ŋu.
Dɔwɔnu Siwo Wozã
Akalogba si me lekewɔnuwo nɔna, Israel
Woke ɖe nu gbogbo aɖewo siwo do ƒome kple lekewɔnuwo kpakple atike ʋeʋĩwo zazã ŋu le nu siwo ŋu tomenukulawo ke ɖo le Israel nyigbaa ƒe teƒe vovovowo la dome. Nutukpe siwo dzi wotua nu vovovo siwo wotsɔna wɔa leke la le, nugoe lɔbɔe siwo me atike ʋeʋĩwo nɔna, amigoe siwo wotsɔ alabastro wɔ kple ahuhɔ̃e siwo wotsɔ gadzẽ wɔ la le nu siwo ŋu woke ɖo la dome. Wota deʋayawo ɖe gatsi aɖe si wotsɔ nyiɖu wɔ la ƒe akpa ɖeka, eye wota ahɔne siwo ƒo xlã nyɔnu aɖe ƒe ta la ɖe eƒe akpa kemɛ.
Edze abe gatɔwo lɔ̃a ƒumebɔbɔgoe siwo woɖo atsyɔ̃ na siwo me wokɔa ami ʋeʋĩwo ɖo la zazã ene. Woke ɖe lekewɔgatsi suesuesue siwo wotsɔ nyiɖu alo ati wɔ, siwo dometɔ aɖewo wokpa ɖe nyɔnuvi siwo le tsi ƒum ƒe nɔnɔme kple atsyã bubuwo me la ŋu le Egipte kple Kanaan nyigbawo dzi. Esiawo katã ɖo kpe ale si gbegbe nyɔnu siwo nɔ anyi ɣemaɣi zã lekewɔnuwoe la dzi.
Esiwo Wozãna Na Ŋku
Le Biblia me la, woyɔ Hiob vinyɔnuwo dometɔ ɖeka be “Keren-Hapux.” Le Hebrigbe me la, ŋkɔ sia ate ŋu afia “Lãdzo Si Me Aŋɔ Yibɔ (Tù) Nɔna,” alo nugoe si me lekewɔnu si ɖewohĩ wosina ɖe ŋku la nɔna. (Hiob 42:14) Ate ŋu anye be ɖeko ŋkɔ sia le susu hem yi eƒe tugbedzedze dzi, ke hã edze abe esia hã nye kpeɖodzi be amewo zãa lekewɔnuwo ɣemaɣi hã ene.
Eɖe dzesi be ɣesiaɣi si woƒo nu tso tù ɖoɖo ɖe ŋku ŋu le Biblia me la, ekuna ɖe nyɔnu tovowo abe Fiasrɔ̃ Izebel kple Yerusalem mawɔnuteƒea, si nyagblɔɖila Yeremiya kple Xezekiel ɖɔ be gbolowo la ene ŋu. (2 Fiawo 9:30; Yeremiya 4:30; Xezekiel 23:40) Nugoe gbogbo siwo wotsɔ kpe alo ahuhɔ̃ewo wɔ, siwo ŋu tùɖonuwo kpe ɖo, siwo ŋu tomenukulawo ke ɖo la fia be nyɔnu siwo nɔ Israel dukɔ gbexɔsea me la dometɔ geɖe, vevietɔ kesinɔtɔwo kple fiaƒemetɔwo, va nɔ tù kple lekewɔnu ƒomevi bubuwo zãm atraɖii.
Wozã Ami Ʋeʋĩwo Le Tadeagu Kple Wɔna Bubuwo Me
Tso keke blema kee wozãa amititsetsememi tsɔ wɔa ami ʋeʋĩwoe le Israel. Mose ƒe Agbalẽ Evelia ƒo nu tso nu vovovo siwo wotsakana tsɔ wɔa ami ʋeʋĩ kɔkɔe si nunɔlawo zãna le subɔsubɔdɔ me le gbedoxɔa me ŋu. Sinamɔn, mire kple gbe ʋeʋĩ bubuwo hã le eme. (2 Mose 30:22-25) Tomenukulawo ke ɖe afi si wosusu be enye ƒe alafa gbãtɔ Mía Ŋɔli (M.Ŋ.) me dɔwɔƒe si wowɔa ami ʋeʋĩwo kple lifi le hena zazã le gbedoxɔa me la ŋu le Yerusalem. Woƒo nu tso ami ʋeʋĩ zazã le tadedeaguwɔnawo kple lekewɔwɔ me ŋu zi geɖe le Biblia me.—2 Kronika 16:14; Luka 7:37-46; 23:56.
Anyigoe si me ami ʋeʋĩ nɔna, Israel
Esi tsi vena le anyigba ƒe akpa ma ta la, ami ʋeʋĩwo ŋu dɔ wɔwɔ dea ame dzi le ameɖokui dzadzraɖo me. Tsɔ kpe ɖe ale si wosinɛ ɖe ŋuti be wòakpɔ ame ta tso ŋdɔkutsuɖuame si mee ŋu la, wogazãnɛ tsɔ wɔa leke hã. (Rut 3:3; 2 Samuel 12:20) Hafi Yuda ɖetugbui Ester nado ɖe Fia Axasweros ŋkume la, wosi mire-mi nɛ ɣleti ade, eye wogasi atike ʋeʋĩ (alo balsam-mi) nɛ ɣleti ade bubu.—Ester 2:12.
Wodea asixɔxɔ gã ami ʋeʋĩwo ŋu abe ale si ko wònɔ le klosalo kple sika hã gomee ene. Esi Saba-fianyɔnua zɔ mɔ legbea yi ɖakpɔ Fia Salomo la, sika, kpe xɔasiwo kple balsam-mi nɔ nunana xɔasi siwo wòtsɔ vɛ nɛ la dome. (1 Fiawo 10:2, 10) Esi Fia Xizkiya tsɔ nu siwo le eƒe kesinɔnudzraɖoƒea fia Babilon ƒe ame dɔdɔwo la, ‘atike ʋeʋĩ kple ami xɔasiwo’ hã nɔ nu siwo wòtsɔ fia wo la dome, hekpe ɖe klosalo, sika kple eƒe aʋawɔnuwo katã ŋu.—Yesaya 39:1, 2.
Ami alo atike vi aɖe koe wotea ŋu ɖena tsoa seƒoƒowo, atikutsetsewo, aŋgbawo kple aŋetimetsi alo atikpawo me. Biblia ƒo nu tso nu miemie siwo me woɖea wo tsonɛ la dometɔ geɖe ŋu, abe aloe, balsam, bedolion, gbekee, kotoklobo, sinamɔn, mire, dzogbenya kple nardo ene. Wo dometɔ aɖewo wɔna le dukɔa me le Yordan-balia me. Ke woƒlea bubuwo tsoa duta le asitsala mɔzɔla xɔŋkɔ siwo ƒlea adzɔnuwo tsoa India, Anyiehe Arabia kple teƒe bubuwo la si me.
Nu Kae Nye Balsam-mi La?
Woƒo nu tso balsam-mi ŋu le Biblia me ŋutinya siwo ku ɖe Fiasrɔ̃ Ester, Saba-fianyɔnua kple Fia Xizkiya ene ŋu, abe ale si míegblɔe va yi ene. Le ƒe 1988 me la, woke ɖe nugoe aɖe si me ami nɔ la ŋu le agado aɖe si te ɖe Qumran ŋu, le Ƒu Kukua ƒe ɣetoɖoƒeƒuta. Amewo ƒe susu to vovo le nu si wòanye ŋu. Ðe wòanye balsam-mi aɖe ƒe susɔea ye tsi emea? Numekulawo mete ŋu ɖo kpe edzi o. Atidolawo gale agbagba dzem be yewoade balsam-ti siwo xɔ ŋkɔ va yi la ƒe agble ake egbea gɔ̃ hã.
Nyiɖugoe si me lekewɔnuwo nɔna, Israel
Kpeɖodziwo fia be anye En-Gedi nutowo mee wodea ati siwo me woɖea balsam-mi si ŋu woƒo nu tsoe le Biblia me tsonɛ la ƒe agble le. Tomenukulawo ke ɖe dzokpowo, nugoewo kple nu vovovo siwo wotsɔ ga kple ƒu wɔ, siwo nɔ anyi tso ƒe alafa adelia Do Ŋgɔ Na Mía Ŋɔli, siwo ɖi ami ʋeʋĩ wɔnu siwo ŋu woke ɖo le teƒe bubuwo la ŋu. Agbalẽnyala geɖe xɔe se be Arabia alo Afrika ye balsam-ti la dzɔ tso. Balsam-ti me tsia mee woɖea atike ʋeʋĩa tsonɛ. Wodea asixɔxɔ balsam-mi ŋu ale gbegbe be mɔnu siwo dzi wotona ɖaa amiae la nyea nya ɣaɣla.
Fiahawo wɔa balsam ŋu dɔ le dukɔwo dome nyawo gbɔ kpɔkpɔ gɔ̃ hã me. Le kpɔɖeŋu me, ŋutinyaŋlɔla Josephus gblɔ be Mark Antony tsɔ agble blibo si me wodo ati xɔasi siawo ɖo la na Egipte Fianyɔnu Cleopatra abe nunana ene. Roma ŋutinyaŋlɔla Pliny gblɔ be esi Yudatɔwo Ƒe Aʋaa nɔ edzi yim le ƒe alafa gbãtɔ M.Ŋ. me la, Yudatɔwo ƒe aʋawɔlawo te kpɔ be yewoatsrɔ̃ balsam-tiwo katã bene wòagayi ɖe Romatɔwo, siwo nɔ wo dzi dzem la si me o.
Biblia me nyawo kple nu siwo ŋu tomenukulawo ke ɖo la na míenya nanewo tso ale si ame siwo nɔ anyi le Biblia ŋlɔɣiwo la wɔ lekewɔnuwo ŋu dɔe. Biblia meƒo nu tsi tsitre ɖe lekewɔnuwo kple atsyɔ̃ɖonuwo zazã ŋu o, ke boŋ ete gbe ɖe ale si woawɔ wo ŋu dɔ le ameŋububu kple ŋuɖɔɖo me dzi. (1 Timoteo 2:9) Apostolo Petro gblɔ be nu “si ŋu asixɔxɔ gã le le Mawu ŋkume” ye nye “gbɔgbɔ fatu si nɔa anyi kpoo.” Esi atsyɔ̃ɖoɖowo kple atsyãwo le tɔtrɔm ɣesiaɣi ta la, aɖaŋuɖoɖo nyui aɖee esia nye na nyɔnu Kristotɔwo—ɖeviwo kple tsitsiawo siaa.—1 Petro 3:3, 4.
