Shimapepo Mukalamba Uwapingwilile Yesu Ukwipaiwa

MU November 1990, abaume abalewamya parka no musebo wali apalepele mupepi na kilomita umo ku kupinda ka kulyo aka musumba wa Kale uwa Yerusalemu bashulile ifintu fimo ifyabaletele insansa. Trakita balebomfya yatobonkeshe umutenge wa nshishi ya kale. Iyi ncende yali ni nshishi mu mwanda wa myaka uwa kubalilapo B.C.E. ukufika na mu mwanda wa myaka uwa kubalilapo C.E. Ifyo basangile muli ilya nshishi fyalengele ukuti abashula ifya kushulashula batemwe nga nshi.

Mu nshishi mwali imbokoshi 12 ishalimo amafupa. Umuntu nga afwa balemubika muli iyi nshishi mpaka iminofu yabola. Lyena, pa numa ya mwaka umo, balebula amafupa no kuyabika mu mbokoshi. Pa mbokoshi iyalemoneka bwino sana pali shonse palembelwe ishina lya kuti Yehosef bar Caiapha (Yosefe umwana mwaume wa kwa Kayafa).

Ifwile yali ni nshishi bashikilemo shimapepo mukalamba uwali kapingula pa cilye icacindamisha ico balubulwishepo Yesu Kristu. Kalemba wa lyashi lya kale umuYuda Josephus alondolola ukuti uyu shimapepo mukalamba ali ni “Yosefe, uo baleita ukuti Kayafa.” Mu Malembo, aishibikwa fye ukuti Kayafa. Mulandu nshi tulefwaila ukwishiba ifingi pali wena? Cinshi calengele apingule ukuti Yesu epaiwe?

Ulupwa Lwakwe ne fyo Akushiwe

Kayafa aupile umwana wa kwa Anasi, uwali kale shimapepo mukalamba. (Yohane 18:13) Nalimo palipitile imyaka iingi ukutula apo abafyashi bapanganine ukuti abana babo bakopane napo baishilepishisha ubwinga, pantu indupwa shabo shalefwaya ukushininkisha ukuti bakalabombela pamo. Ici casanshishemo ukubebeta ifikolwe fya ndupwa shonse shibili pa kuti bashininkishe ukuti bonse bafumine mu ndupwa sha bushimapepo. Indupwa shonse shibili bali abakankaala sana, bafwile balesanga icuma mu makwebo yakalamba ayo bakwete mu Yerusalemu. Ukwabula ukutwishika Anasi alefwaya ukushininkisha ukuti ali no kulabombela pamo na shifyala mu fya mapolitiki. Cimoneka kwati bonse babili  Anasi na Kayafa bali mu cakaniko cakwatishe amaka ica baSaduke.—Imilimo 5:17.

Apo Kayafa afumine mu lupwa lwa bashimapepo ulwacindikwe kabili ulwaishibikwe sana, afwile alisambilishiwe sana Amalembo ya ciHebere. Nalimo atendeke ukubombela pe tempele ilyo ali ne myaka 20, lelo imyaka akwete ilyo aishileba shimapepo mukalamba yena tayaishibikwa.

Bashimapepo Bakalamba ne Ntungulushi sha Bashimapepo

Kale sana, balepyana fye icifulo ca bushimapepo mukalamba kabili balebapo mpaka ne mfwa. Lelo mu mwanda wa myaka uwalenga ibili B.C.E., abena Hasimonani bapokele icifulo ca kwa shimapepo mukalamba ku maka. * Ukutula lilya, Herode Mukalamba e walesala no kumufumyapo bashimapepo bakalamba, kanshi e wakwete amaka pali ici cifulo. Ifi fine e fyo abena Roma abaleteka mu Yudea balecita.

Ici calengele ukuti kubeko ibumba lya ntungulushi sha bashimapepo ililoshiwako mu Malembo nga “bashimapepo bakalamba.” * (Mateo 26:3, 4) Abapangile ibumba lya ntungulushi sha bashimapepo ni Kayafa, na bali pa cifulo ca kwa shimapepo mukalamba pamo nga Anasi uo bafumishe pali ici cifulo lelo balitwalilile ukumwita ukuti shimapepo mukalamba nge lumbo fye. Na bambi abali muli ili bumba lya ntungulushi sha bashimapepo ni balupwa lwa kwa shimapepo mukalamba uwalipo iyo ine nshita na balupwa lwa bashimapepo bakalamba abalipo kale.

Abena Roma balekele abaYuda abakankaala ukulatungulula icitungu ca Yudea, pamo ne ntungulushi sha bashimapepo. Ici calengele abena Roma ukulateka bwino icitungu ca Yudea no kulalipilisha imisonko ukwabula ukutumako abashilika abengi. Abena Roma baleenekela abaYuda bali mu bulashi ukusungilila umutende no kucingilila icalo cabo. Bakateka abena Roma balipatile intungulushi sha baYuda ishishalebanakila. Lelo nga balebombela pamo baleteka bwino.

Mu nshita ya kwa Kayafa, shimapepo mukalamba e wali intungulushi mu fya mapolitiki. Quirinius uwali umulashi mu Suria mu 6 nelyo 7 C.E., e wasontele Anasi ukuba shimapepo mukalamba. Ifyalembwa fya baRabi filanda ukuti intungulushi sha baYuda shaishibikilwe ku bufunushi, umuncishanya, ubuluku, no lukaakala. Kalemba umo atile ilyo Anasi ali shimapepo mukalamba, ashininkishe ukuti shifyala “bamupeela bwangu icifulo icikalamba pe tempele pa kuti alemwafwa mu fintu ifingi.”

Mu mwaka wa 15 C.E., Valerius Gratus uwali kateka mu Yudea, afumishe Anasi pali bushimapepo bukalamba. Bambi batatu, apali no mwana wa kwa Anasi, e baishileba bashimapepo bakalamba mukukonkana lelo tabakokwelepo. Kayafa aishileba shimapepo mukalamba mu 18 C.E. Ponti Pilato, uwasontelwe ukuba kateka mu Yudea mu 26 C.E., alekele Kayafa ukutwalilila ukuba shimapepo mukalamba pa myaka 10 iya kuteka kwakwe. Inshita Kayafa ali shimapepo isanshamo imyaka Yesu ashimikile ne myaka ya kubangilila iya mulimo wa basambi bakwe. Lelo Kayafa alipatile ubukombe abena Kristu balebilisha.

Baletiina Yesu E lyo Baletiina na Bena Roma

Kayafa alemona Yesu ukuti wa cimfulunganya. Yesu asuushishe ifyo intungulushi sha baYuda shalemona amafunde ye Sabata kabili atamfishe abaleshitisha na balekabula indalama mwi tempele, atile basangwile itempele “ininga ya fipondo.” (Luka 19:45, 46) Bakalemba be lyashi lya kale bamo batila amakwebo yali mwi tempele yali ya kwa Anasi na ba mu ng’anda yakwe. Limbi uyu e mulandu na umbi uo Kayafa ashalefwaila Yesu. Lintu intungulushi sha bashimapepo shatumine abashilika ku kwikata Yesu, abashilika balipeshiwe amano ku milandile yakwe ica kuti balifililwe ukumwikata kabili babwelelemo fye.—Yohane 2:13-17; 5:1-16; 7:14-49.

Tontonkanyeni pa cacitike lintu intungulushi sha baYuda shaumfwile ukuti Yesu alibushishe Lasaro. Ilandwe lya kwa Yohane litila: “E lyo [intungulushi sha bashimapepo] na baFarise balongenye icilye ca Sanhedrini kabili balesosa abati: “Tulecita shani, pantu uyu muntu alecite fishibilo ifingi? Nga twamuleka ifi fine, bonse  bakamutetekela, na bena Roma bakesa no kupoka icifulo cesu no luko lwesu.”’ (Yohane 11:47, 48) Icilye ca Sanhedrini caletontonkanya ukuti Yesu ali mulwani ku mipepele yalipo kabili alefulunganya abantu, kabili ici e co Pilato alefwaya icilye ca Sanhedrini ukucingilila. Kanshi incitilo shonse isho abena Roma bali no kumona kwati shilelenga abaYuda ukubemina kuti shalenga abena Roma ukunyantukilamo mu milandu yakumine abaYuda, icintu ico icilye ca Sanhedrini cishalefwaya ukucitika nelyo panono.

Nangu ca kuti ali-imwenene ifipesha mano Yesu alecita, Kayafa tatetekele Yesu, lelo alefwaisha ukusungilila umucinshi na maka akwete. E co asuulile no kubuushiwa kwa kwa Lasaro. Apo ali muSaduke, Kayafa tasumine mu kubuushiwa kwa bafwa!—Imilimo 23:8.

Kayafa ailangishe ukuti ali mubifi ilyo aebele bakateka babiye ukuti: “Tamuletontonkanya ukutila kuti cawamina imwe umuntu umo ukufwila abantu ukucila uluko lonse ukonaulwa.” Baibolo itwalilila ukusosa ukuti: “Awe talandile ici umwine eka; lelo pa mulandu wa kuti ali shimapepo mukalamba ulya mwaka, asesemene ukuti Yesu ali no kufwila uluko, kabili te kufwila uluko lweka fye, lelo pa kuti abana ba kwa Lesa abasalanganiwa na bo abalonganike pamo. Awe ukufuma bulya bushiku bapandene amano ya kumwipaya.”—Yohane 11:49-53.

Kayafa taishibe ifyo amashiwi alandile yacindeme. Apantu ali ni shimapepo mukalamba, aliseseme. Imfwa ya kwa Yesu yali no kunonsha abantu abengi, te baYuda beka. Ilambo lyakwe ilya cilubula lyali no kulenga umutundu wa muntu ukulubuka ku busha bwa lubembu ne mfwa. *

Bapangana Ukumwipaya

Intungulushi sha bashimapepo na bakalamba balongene pa ng’anda ya kwa Kayafa ukuti balanshanye ifya kwikata Yesu no kumwipaya. Shimapepo mukalamba afwile e wakoselepo ukulanshanya na Yuda Iskariote pa kupingula umutengo wa ndalama sha kumupeela pa kuti afutuke Yesu. (Mateo 26:3, 4, 14, 15) Ukwipaya umuntu umo, na lyo line, takwalengele Kayafa ukuleka ukucita ifyabipa. Baibolo itila: ‘[Intungulushi sha bashimapepo] nomba bapangile ukwipaya na Lasaro wine, ico ni pa mulandu wakwe abaYuda abengi . . . baletetekela Yesu.’—Yohane 12:10, 11.

Maliki, umusha wa kwa Kayafa ali pe bumba lyatuminwe mu kwikata Yesu. Intanshi Yesu bamutwele kuli Anasi ku kulubulula, lyena bamutwele kuli Kayafa uko balongene abakalamba bonse aba mu Yudea pa kuti balubulwishe Yesu pa bushiku cishalingile ukuteka icilye ukulingana ne funde lya baYuda.—Mateo 26:57; Yohane 18:10, 13, 19-24.

Kayafa atwalilile fye ukufwaya ukucita ububifi na lintu inte sha bufi shafililwe ukushinina Yesu. Uyu shimapepo mukalamba alishibe ifyo abo aumene nabo akapi bali no kulanda nga umo aleitunga ukuba Mesia. Kanshi alefwaisha ukushininkisha nga ca kuti Yesu aleitunga ukuba Mesia. Yesu amwaswike ukuti bakashinina bakwe bonse bali no kumumona “naikala ku kwa kulyo ukwa maka kabili aleisa na makumbi ya mu muulu.” Pa kuti ailangishe ukuti alicindamike ifya mapepo, “shimapepo mukalamba alepwile imingila yakwe, no kutila: ‘Naponta! Bushe tulekabile nte na kabili?’” Icilye ca Sanhedrini casuminishenye ukuti Yesu afwile ukufwa.—Mateo 26:64-66

Lelo, umuntu nga bamupingula ukwipaiwa, abena Roma e bali no kusuminisha ukuti epaiwe. Kanshi apo Kayafa e walelandilako abaYuda ku bena Roma, afwile limbi e wafishishe umulandu kuli Pilato. Lintu Pilato afwaile ukulubula Yesu, Kayafa afwile ali pa ntungulushi sha bashimapepo ishabilikishe ukuti: “Mupoopeleni! Mupoopeleni!” (Yohane 19:4-6) Kayafa afwile e watunkile na lilye bumba lyaimine no kupamfya ukuti bakakule icipondo no kukaka Yesu kabili ali pali shilya ntungulushi sha bashimapepo abo mu bumbimunda bayaswike ukuti: “Ifwe tatwakwate mfumu, kano Kaisare.”—Yohane 19:15; Marko 15:7-11.

Kayafa tasumine ukuti Yesu alibuushiwe. Alipakese Petro na Yohane e lyo na Stefani. Na kabili, Kayafa apeele Sauli insambu sha kwikata Abena Kristu bonse abo ali no kusanga mu Damaseke. (Mateo 28:11-13; Imilimo 4:1-17; 6:8-7:60; 9:1,2) Nangu cibe fyo, mu 36 C.E., Vitellius umulashi  umwina Roma uwaleteka mu Suria afumishe Kayafa pali bushimapepo mukalamba.

Ifyalembwa fya baYuda ifyalanda pa lupwa lwa kwa Kayafa filanda fye pa fintu fyabipa ifyo balecita. Ku ca kumwenako, ifyalembwa fya Babylonian Talmud fitila: “Akalanda kuli ine pa mulandu wa ba mu ng’anda ya kwa Hanin [Anasi], kalanda kuli ine pa mulandu wa lwambo lwabo.” Uku kuikutila akalanda kwalelosha ku “kukumana kwa mu bumfisolo uko balepangana ifya kutitikisha abantu.”

Ifyo Twasambilila Kuli Kayafa

Uwasoma umo alondolola bashimapepo bakalamba ukuti bali “aba mupampamina, abacenjela, kabili aba mano, e lyo ilingi line aba cilumba.” Icilumba calengele Kayafa ukukaana Mesia. Kanshi tatulingile ukufupuulwa lintu abantu bakaana ubukombe bwa mu Baibolo. Abantu bamo balakaana ukusambilila Baibolo pantu tabafwaya ukuleka ifyo basuminamo. Bambi bayumfwa ukuti balicindama sana ica kuti teti babombe umulimo wa kushimikila uumoneka uwa pa nshi. Kabili ifipimo fya Bwina Kristu filenga abantu bashaba na cishinka nelyo abafunushi ukufilwa ukusambilila icine.

Apo Kayafa ali ni shimapepo mukalamba, e walingile fye ukwafwa abaYuda banankwe ukusumina muli Mesia, lelo apantu alefwaisha ukutwalilila ukuba ne cifulo icikalamba, apingwile ukuti Yesu epaiwe. Cimoneka kwati kulya kukaanya kwalitwalilile mpaka ne mfwa ya kwa Kayafa. Ilyashi lya kwa Kayafa litusambilisha ukuti mu fyo tucita tulapanga ishina lisuma nelyo ilibi kuli Lesa.

[Amafutunoti]

[Icikope pe bula 10]

Yosefe umwana mwaume wa kwa Kayafa

[Icikope pe bula 10]

Imbokoshi bashulile nomba line

[Abatusuminishe Ukubomfya Icikope pe bula 10]

Imbokoshi, ifilembo, ne nshishi ifilemoneka mu cikope: Courtesy of Israel Antiquities Authority